| In view of the lack of inter plant organic fertilizer equipment and the adaptability of multi-mode fertilization in orchard,an inter plant organic fertilizer throwing de vice was developed based on the operation platform of orchard straw mulching machine.The de vice can adapt to three modes of organic fertilizer application in wide row and cl ose planting orchard:inter plant fertilization,opposite row strip spreading and opposite ditch fertilization.It is convenient to switch between operation modes,flexible and adjustable for single side and double side operation,and suitable for manure and other organic fertilizers.Based on the discrete element method,the discrete element simulation analysis of the inter plant fertilizer throwing de vice was carried out,the optimal parameters of the device structure were determined,and the fertilizer amount of the device was predicted;The device has been developed and field test has been carried out.The main conclusions are as follows(1)Based on the analysis of orchard agronomy,five technical schemes were put forward;Focusing on the adaptability of fertilization mode and fertilizer types,the design scheme of fertilizer throwing de vice with double side retractable conveyor belt was determined by comparing and demonstrating the schemes.This scheme can adapt to three modes of organic fertilizer application in wide row and close planting orchard,including inter plant fertilization,opposite row strip spreading and opposite ditch fertilization.Through scheme comparison and discrete element simulation analysis,the scheme of fertilizer throwing mechanism was determined.(2)The overall structure design,main components and mechanism design of the fertilizer throwing device were completed.(3)The rolling friction coefficient between organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer is0.09,the rolling friction coefficient between organic fertilizer and steel plate is 0.08,and the JKR surface energy is 0.015J/m~2;Through the accumulation angle test,the discrete element simulation parameters of decomposed sheep manure were calibrated,and the significant influence parameters of decomposed sheep manure with different moisture content were obtained through the model prediction between different moisture content.(4)Through the pre simulation analysis of discrete element,the structure of the fertilizer throwing board is determined as three-stage,the width of the fertilizer throwing board is 7cm,and the height of the upper surface of the conveyor belt from the ground is40cm;Through the single factor simulation analysis,the optimal parameters are determined as the belt speed of 3m/s,the arc radius of the middle plate of 18cm,and the maximum arc radius of the fertilizer throwing plate of 12cm;Through orthogonal simulation,the quadratic regression models between width,thickness,width difference between int ernal and external fertilization of fruit trees and conveyor belt speed,arc radius of middle plate and maximum arc radius of throwing plate were established.The determination coefficients were 0.9853,0.9603 and 0.9954,respectively;Under the optimal parameters,the simulation analysis of the adaptability of the inter plant fertilizer throwing de vice was carried out.The results show that the device also has good throwing accuracy and uniformity for decomposed sheep manure,indicating that the inter plant fertilizer throwing device has good adaptability for a variety of organic fertilizers;Based on the simulation analysis of inter plant fertilization of fertilizer throwing de vice,the relationship models between the amount of fertilizer applied with commercial organic fertilizer and decomposed sheep manure and the vehicle speed and the toothed belt fertilizer discharging mechanism were established,with the determination coefficients of 0.9914 and 0.9939respectively.The model can significantly predict the fertilization capacity of the device.(5)The de velopment,installation and debugging of the device were completed,and the operation performance of the device was tested.The results showed that the determination coefficient of regression equation of commercial organic fertilizer was R~2=09786,and the range of fertilization was 957～2283kg/mu;the determination coefficient of regression equation of decomposed sheep manure was R~2=09776,and the range of fertilization was 1026～2339kg/mu;The results showed that the determination coefficient of regression equation of commercial organic fertilizer was R~2=09784,and the range of fertilization was 1012～2298kg/mu;the determination coefficient of regression equation of decomposed sheep manure was R~2=09770,and the range of fertilization was985～2363kg/mu.The results showed that the amount of fertilizer applied by the device could meet the requirements of orchard agronomic fertilization under different fertilization modes and materials.It is convenient to switch between fertilization modes,and the fertilization of one side and two sides is flexible and adjustable,which is suitable for a variety of organic fertilizers. |
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