Study On The Differences Of Walnut’s Inner Quality In Western Sichuan

The western area of Sichuan province mainly produces old seeding walnuts,but there are only fewer varieties,the scales of walnuts are not uniform and varies considerably in quality.Developing varieties is needed in the medium and long-term development of walnuts,but in short-term,walnuts development should focus on product development.In this study,by comparing the difference in quality of oil,proteins and non-functional oil between old seeding walnuts from the western area of Sichuan province,as well as Yunnan walnut(Yangbi dapao)and Xinjiang walnut(Xinxin 2),and principal component analysis was conducted to find out the inherent quality advantages of old seeding walnuts from different production areas.The results provide directions for the production processing of old seeding walnut in western area of Sichuan province.The main findings are as follows:(1)Eight fatty acids were detected in walnut oil,including three kinds of saturated fatty acids(stearic acid,palmitic acid and arachidic acid),three kinds of monounsaturated fatty acids(palmitoleic acid,oleic acid,arachidic acid)and two kinds of unsaturated fatty acids(linoleic acid,linolenic acid).Among them,stearic acid,palmitic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid,and linolenic acid accounted for about 99.7% of the total fatty acids.The relative content of walnut saturated fatty acids in old seeding walnuts from western area of Sichuan was only 6.91%-7.42%,while the relative content of unsaturated fatty acids was92.82%,which was lower than Yangbi dapao and Xinxin 2.The relative content of walnut linolenic acid in old seeding walnuts from western area of Sichuan is 8.21%,which is higher than Xinxin 2 but lower than Yangbi dapao.(2)With the content from 64.9% to 66.64%,there was no significant difference in crude fat content between villages in walnut production area from western of Sichuan,but significantly higher than Xinxin 2 and Yangbi dapao.Significant differences of crude protein content were found between five villages.Among them,walnuts from Ciwu village,Derong county was the highest at 17.45% and walnuts from Debalong village,Batang county was the lowest at 12.93%.The protein content of walnuts from Ciwu village,Derong county was lower than Xinjiang and higher than Yunnan.(3)In terms of vitamin E,α-tocopherol,γ-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol were detected,but no β-tocopherol was detected.The differences of content of vitamin E in 5 villages in western Sichuan were significant,walnuts from Maoguchang village,Jiulong county was the highest with a content of 33.33 mg/100 g,while walnuts from Baiba village,Xiangcheng county was the lowest with a content of 14.03 mg/100 g,but all of them were lower than Xinxin 2.In terms of total flavonoids and total phenols,the total flavonoids and total phenols in Baiba Village,Xiangcheng County were the highest,with contents of1.82g/100 g and 7.23g/100 g,respectively,and the coefficients of variation were 13.66%and 19.97%,respectively.(4)Transfered the 18 intrinsic quality indicators of walnuts from 5 production areas in western of Sichuan,Yangbi dapao and Xinxin 2 into 4 main components,which can represent the comprehensive information of 94.18% main quality of walnuts in all production areas in this research.Using Yangbi Dapao and Xinxin 2 as references,a comprehensive evaluation of old seeding walnuts in 5 villages in western Sichuan.The results showed that the inner quality of walnuts was in Maoguchang Village,Jiulong County,and can be exploited in various ways.The area with better walnut oil quality is Zhubalong Village,Batang County,which was higher than Yangbi dapao and Xinxin 2 and is suitable for extracting high-quality edible oil.Although lower than Xinxin 2,the protein quality of walnuts from Ciwu village,Derong County was relatively good and can be used for the development of protein powder and protein milk in this area.Meanwhile,although the non-greasy functional ingredients also lower than Xinxin2,walnuts Ciwu village,Derong County still had a better quality in western of Sichuan and can be used to develop walnut non-greasy health products in this area.