| In this experiment,the purple tea varieties Ziyan and Zijuan were used as research materials,and the light conditions of the tea garden were adjusted through field shading to study the main biochemical components and anthocyanin content of the new shoots of the two test varieties with different shade treatments.Changes and effects on the growth of new shoots;at the same time,a single light quality control experiment was conducted on two varieties of potted tea trees in the laboratory to study the response of new shoot growth and anthocyanin synthesis of tea trees to red,blue and ultraviolet light It aims to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific formulation of the cultivation techniques of Ziyan and Zijuan varieties and the regulation and control of tea yield and biochemical quality.Research indicates:1.For two consecutive years(2017 and 2018),light shade(50% shading),moderate shading(65% shading)and severe shading(80% shading)of the two tested tea trees The results of the experiment showed that the moderate shading treatment in summer is the best,which can significantly increase the growth of summer shoots.The germination density of the two varieties is 8.77% ～ 13.72% higher than that of the nonshading treatment(control);the length of one bud and two leaves And 100% bud weight increased by 12.98% ～ 20.36%,10.06% ～ 16.74% respectively;the length of one bud and three leaves and 100% bud weight increased by 12.83% ～ 20.66%,11.26% ～ 19.67%respectively.In autumn,light shading treatment is the best,and it can obviously promote the growth of autumn shoots.The germination density of the two varieties is increased by 10.78% ～ 29.83% compared with the non-shading treatment(control);the length of one bud and two leaves and The weight of 100 buds increased by 2.81% ～14.71% and 10.79% ～ 17.14% respectively;the length of one bud and three leaves and the weight of 100 buds increased by 6.69% ～ 19.57% and 6.67% ～ 24.83%,respectively.These results indicate that moderate shading in summer and mild shading in autumn promote the growth of new shoots of two purple bud varieties.2.In different shade treatments,the amino acid content,caffeine content and chlorophyll content of Ziyan and Zijuan new shoots in moderate shade treatment in summer were significantly higher than those in unshaded treatment(control),in which the amino acid content of summer shoots increased by 16.81 % ～ 22.62%;caffeine increased by 17.30% ～ 32.34%;the relative content of leaf chlorophyll increased by21.58% ～ 27.41%;the content of water extract increased by 4.05% ～ 9.41%;but the content of tea polyphenols and catechins in new shoots decreased significantly,Reducing 11.13% ～ 18.78% and 14.47% ～ 21.61% respectively.The mild shading treatment in autumn can also significantly increase the relative content of amino acids,caffeine and chlorophyll in Ziyan,Zijuan new shoots,of which,compared with the control,the amino acid content increased by 14.56% ～ 20.07%;the caffeine content increased by 6.34% ～ 16.56%;The relative content of leaf chlorophyll increased by6.51% ～ 27.36%;but the content of tea polyphenols and catechins in the new shoots also decreased significantly compared with the control,which decreased by 4.06% ～12.19%,10.13% ～ 13.53%,respectively.These results indicate that shading treatment can change the content and proportion of the main biochemical components of the two tested varieties.3.After shading in summer and autumn,the total amount of anthocyanins and the contents of three components of Ziyan and Zijuan decreased with the increase of shading.The anthocyanins of two test varieties for two years The total amount of decrease was 11.24% ～ 44.19%,and the content of each component(delphinium pigment,cornflower pigment,geranium pigment)decreased by 8.70% ～ 43.16%,9.63%～ 48.56%,10.36% ～ 54.98%,respectively.The degree of shading is negatively correlated with the anthocyanin content.Under the three shade treatments,the slightest shade treatment had the smallest decrease in the total anthocyanin content.Among them,the average decrease of the total anthocyanins in Ziyan and Zijuan in summer was 11.24%～ 14.28%,17.96 % ～ 21.28%,the fall rate is 13.18% ～ 14.15%,13.77% ～ 21.47% in autumn.4.In the supplementary light test,white + red light treatment can promote the growth of the new shoot buds and leaves of the two purple varieties.Among them,the length and weight of the two leaves of Ziyan and Zijuan increased by 9.07%～24.30%,27.78%～35.29% compared with the control;the length and weight increase of one bud and three leaves are 12.77%～18.17%,24.14%～25.81% respectively.However,the supplement of ultraviolet light has a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of tea tree shoots.In addition,the white + red and white + blue light treatments can enhance the photosynthetic capacity of the two tested varieties,and the red light treatment effect is stronger than the blue light.Among them,the net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate of Ziyan and Zijuan leaves under red light treatment Compared with the control,the stomatal conductance increased by 32.44% ～ 34.29%,49.18% ～ 61.54%,71.43%～ 75.00%,respectively.Under the supplementary ultraviolet light irradiation,the net photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate,water utilization rate,and stomatal conductance of Ziyan and Zijuan were all weaker than that of the control CK,indicating that ultraviolet light treatment reduced the photosynthetic ability of the tested varieties,of which white + The photosynthetic ability of UVB treatment was the weakest.The net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomata conductance of the two varieties were reduced by 30.13% ～ 34.94%,41.27% ～ 55.88%,42.86% ～ 50.00% compared with the control.5.Experimental results show that white + blue light,white + red light treatment and three kinds of ultraviolet light can promote the accumulation of anthocyanin in two purple tea varieties.Among them,the total amount of cyanidin and azalea anthocyanins under white + blue light treatment increased by 14.39% ～ 15.76% compared with the control,and the content of each component(delphinium pigment,cornflower pigment,geranium pigment)increased by 12.56% ～ 13.68%,13.45% ～ 22.30%,37.21% ～59.26%;supplementary ultraviolet light can also significantly increase the content of anthocyanins in new shoots,and white + UVA treatment has the largest increase,the total amount of anthocyanins increases compared with the control 32.19% ～ 34.15%,the content of each component increased by 33.21% ～ 39.79%,18.98% ～ 29.16%,29.57% ～ 36.20%. |
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