Mining Candidate Genes Related To Body Size Traits Based On Genome Resequencing Data Of Chinese Indigenous Pig

Body size traits are very important and complex quantitative traits,controlled by a few major genes or multiple minor genes.There is also a certain degree of correlation between body size traits and pig carcass traits and reproductive traits.Large pigs have relatively low carcass lean meat due to their large bones and large bones.Reduce,by finding candidate genes related to body size traits,and formulating corresponding breeding programs according to breeding goals,you can avoid economic losses caused by body size traits during the selection process,and further improve the economic benefits of breeding.Small pigs are not suitable for breeding to become commercial pigs.They are short in stature and are used as experimental animal models in biomedicine development,human disease research and other fields.Therefore,the miniaturization of pigs is also a current research hotspot.At present,there are few studies on the genetic mechanism of pig body size traits and the molecular mechanism of the formation of small body pig breeds.This study hopes to dig out important candidate genes related to pig body size traits,lay the foundation for revealing the genetic mechanism of pig body size,and provide relevant guidance for breeding carcass traits in production practice.In this study,72 individuals of 11 Chinese local pig breeds with significant differences in body size and genetic stability were selected,and they were divided into two groups according to the set body size classification criteria: small pig group(Wuzhishan pig,Bamaxiang pig,Luchuan pig,Tibet Tibetan pig,Dian’nan small-ear pig)and large pig groups(Min pig,Hetao big-ear pig,Meishan pig,Neijiang pig,Jinhua pig,Rongchang pig),refer to previous studies,we downloaded the whole genome resequencing data of 72 pigs from the SRA database and the ENA database,detecting the whole-genome selection signal,and mining the pig body size traits important candidate genes,the main research results are as follows:1.Through selective clearance analysis,a total of 162 selected areas were found,including 78 selected areas for small pigs and 82 selected areas for large pigs.2.A total of 507 genes were found in the small pig and large pig selection regions and their upstream and downstream areas within 100 kb.Among them,244 genes were identified in the small pig selection region and 265 genes in the large pig selection region.3.Comprehensive GO enrichment analysis,KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and PPI interaction network analysis,we identified 21 important candidate genes which are likely to control pig body size traits.7 genes(IGF1R,PLAG1,SDR16C5,PENK,MESP2,MOS,SMARCA5)have been confirmed in previous studies that their polymorphisms are directly related to the body size traits of different organisms,other14 genes(MGRN1,WWP1,RPL6,EIF3 H,ABCE1,SMARCB1,ADCY4,PAFAH1B3,LIPE,TMEM145,ETHE1,XRCC1,NBN,RPL4)are the newly discovered candidate genes that may be related to body size traits.Among them,MGRN1,WWP1,RPL6,EIF3 H,ABCE1,SMARCB1,SMARCA5 genes may be related to the miniaturization of Chinese indigenous pigs.In this study,21 candidate genes related to body size traits were mined by using the whole genome re-sequencing data of the Chinese indigenous pigs,in which 14 candidate genes are newly discovered that may be related to body size traits.The function of 14 candidate genes will be further verified from the perspective of m RNA and protein expression.