Design And Experiment Of Electric Driven Spiral Fertilizer Discharge Device

Chemical fertilizer can improve soil fertility and crop yield effectively,which is one of the important guarantees for agricultural production and increase farmers’income.At present,it is mainly fertilize by artificial or mechanical quantitative fertilization in the process of production.Therefore fertilizer utilization rate is low,the cost is expensive,and cause serious environmental pollution.Thus,it is significance to study the precision variable rate fertilization device and technology for improving fertilizer utilization rate and realizing efficient green production.The Precise Fertilization and control of the fertilizer exhauster is the key of variable rate fertilization.So,In this paper,an electric driven spiral precision fertilizer discharge device is designed.Studied the uniformity and stability of fertilizer discharge.The main research contents are as follows(1)Designed an electric driven spiral fertilizer discharge device.According to the requirement of precision fertilization in corn production,an electric driven spiral precision fertilizer discharge device was designed.And the movement and stress state of particles in the process of spiral conveying are analyzed,and the main parameters such as the outer diameter,pitch and speed of screw are determined.(2)Established The simulation model of fertilizer discrete element.According to the requirement of discrete element simulation,the Liusuanniao compound fertilizer was selected as the object,and the material characteristic parameters were measured.Taking the angle of repose as the evaluation index,the discrete element parameters of fertilizer particles are calibrated,the discrete element model of particles is established,and the model is verified.The verification results show that,The error between the angle of repose calculated by the model and the actual angle of repose is 0.002°.The results show that the model can accurately simulate the fertilizer particles.It provides the foundation for the further study of the fertilizer discharge device.(3)Studied the filling characteristics of the fertilizer discharge deviceDesigned the experiment of discrete element simulation,The effect of the filling port on the filling rate and the torque of the fertilizer exhauster was studied.The time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of the dynamic torque characteristics of the screw are analyzed by using the spectrum analysis method,and the optimal structure parameters of the filling port are determined.proved by experiment,When the end angle of filling fertilizer is 210°and the length is 1.5 times of pitch,the damage rate of fertilizer is the lowest,the average torque is reduced by 19%,and the standard deviation of torque is reduced by 42%.It provides the design basis for the electric driven spiral fertilizer discharge device.(4)Studied the characteristics of fertilizer discharge deviceThe influence of the structure parameters of the outfall on the uniformity of the spiral fertilizer discharge device was studied by using the discrete element simulation and the bench experiments.Then determined that the best angle of the fertilizer outlet is 135°and the length is 1.5 times of the pitch.The best combination of parameters is verified by bench experiment,and the results indicate that it has distinct capable advantages of the uniformity of fertilizer discharge.(5)5)Bench and production experiment.In order to fully investigate the performance of the spiral fertilizer feeder,the bench and field experiments were carried out on the stability of the fertilizer feeder.The bench experiment shown that in the range of design speed,the coefficient of variation of single circle fertilizer output is less than 0.8%,and the mathematical model of fertilizer output meets the strict positive proportion relationship,with the determination coefficient R~2>0.999.Under the condition of 100 kg/mu target fertilization,the difference between the quality of fertilizer output and the control group is less than 4%.The field experiment results indicated that the growth of maize seedling was the best when the basal fertilizer was 40 kg/mu.Research suggests that the electric driven spiral fertilizer discharge device satisfied with the requirements of precision fertilization,which provides an important support for the implementation of precision fertilization and the reduction of fertilizer application.