Study On The Driving And Unloading Performance Of Sugarcane Field Transporter

China was a big sugarcane planting country,but the harvesting efficiency of sugarcane was very low.At present,chopper harvesting was the main technology of sugarcane harvester in our country.Sugarcane chopper harvester produced a large number of billets which collected by supporting sugarcane field transporter.Existing wheeled field transporters had high center of gravity,slippery muddy road and poor stability in hilly and mountainous areas.The research object of this paper was the crawler transporter developed by the team,which was suitable for hilly areas.Theoretical analysis,simulation analysis and field test were used to study the driving and unloading performance of sugarcane field transporter.The main research contents and conclusions were as follows:(1)Analysis of main structure of transporter.The structure and working principle of the chassis were analyzed,and it was considered that the tracked chassis was more suitable for hill and mountain running than the wheeled chassis.The structure of the carriage was analyzed,and the carriage was divided into movable carriage and fixed carriage.Compared with other carriage structures,this design effectively reduced the lifting weight during unloading.The structure of the conveyor arm was analyzed.The conveyor arm was divided into four sections,which could be folded flexibly.The angle adjustment range was 30°-50°,which can adapt to different highway transporter.(2)Test and analysis of driving performance.Through the linear driving performance analysis,the lowest speed of the transporter was 1.23 km/h,and the highest speed was 7.18km/h,which indicated that the transporter met the speed requirements of the sugarcane harvester.Through the steering performance analysis,the actual steering radius of different steering modes was obtained:the theoretical radius of the unilateral braking steering mode was 600 mm,and the actual measured values of the left-turn and right-turn radius were 797mm and 638 mm respectively.The theoretical radius of in-situ steering was 0 mm,and the actual measured values of the left and right steering radius were respectively 167 mm and147 mm.The in-situ steering radius was smaller,but the load of soil and track was smaller when the unilateral braking steering,which was more suitable for field operation.Through the longitudinal climbing performance analysis,the maximum climbing slope of transport vehicle was 15°.By comparing the variation law of the pitch angle of the center of mass of vehicles with longitudinal slopes of 9°,12°and 15°,it was concluded that with the increase of the slope,the pitch angle increases obviously and the driving stability decreases obviously.Through the analysis of the lateral climbing performance,the change law of the rolling angle of the transporter’s center of mass at 9°,12°and 15°was obtained.It was believed that the larger the slope was,the larger the rolling angle was,and the worse the vehicle’s running stability was.Through the vertical obstacle crossing performance analysis,the maximum vertical obstacle crossing height was 300 mm.By comparing the variation law of the pitch angle of vehicle centroid at three heights of 200 mm,250 mm and 300 mm,it was believed that the pitch angle increased with the increase of the height.Through horizontal barrier crossing performance analysis,the maximum horizontal barrier crossing width was 1000 mm.By comparing the variation of pitch angle of vehicle centroid with three widths of 600 mm,800 mm and 1000 mm,it was found that the greater the width,the greater the pitch angle change.(3)Simulation analysis of unloading performance.Through field experiments to study the physical characteristics of sugarcane,the average diameter,average length,average density and resting angle of the sugarcane were obtained to be 30 mm,219 mm,1063.92 kg/m~3and42°.The transporter and billets models were established by EDEM.The influence law of conveying arm angle and driving motor speed on conveying volume was obtained by single factor test.The results showed that the conveying volume increased first and then decreased with the increase of the conveying arm angle and the driving motor speed.Within the range of the conveying arm angle of 35°-45°and the driving motor speed of 75 rpm-85 rpm,the conveying volume was greater than the rated conveying volume.Through the analysis of variance of two-factor test results and Duncan’s multiple comparative analysis,it was concluded that the driving motor speed had a more significant influence on the conveying volume,compared with the influence of the conveying arm angle on the conveying volume.When the conveying arm angle was 45°and the driving motor speed was 85 rpm,it was the optimal working combination,and the conveying volume was 14.40 kg/s.(4)Field test of unloading performance.Under the operating conditions of the conveyor arm angle and the driving motor speed of 45°and 85 rpm respectively,the unloading performance test was carried out,and the conveying volume was obtained to be 11.52 kg/s.Compared with the simulation results,the error was 20%,and the simulation basically reflected the conveying performance.