| Apple is the major fruit in China.The healthy development of apple orchard directly determines the apple yield,quality and the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.In order to maintain the green health of apple orchard ecosystem,it is very important and necessary to explore and develop new Apple Orchard Green control technology.Light trapping technology is a non residual and pollution-free physical control technology.This study takes Changhong orchard,Sishilibu Town,Yishui County,Linyi City,Shandong Province,as the experimental site.In 2018-2019,by setting different types,periods,bands and materials of Pest-Killing Lamps,we investigated the species,quantity and occurrence of insecticidal insects,and evaluated the performance of different Pest-Killing Lamps In order to provide reference for the scientific selection and use of Pest-Killing Lamps of green control in apple orchards,the effect of lure control and its influence on natural enemies should be found out.The main results are as follows:1.From 2018 to 2019,137 species(classes)in 50 families,9 orders were found.Among them,there are 88 species in 16 families of Lepidoptera,24 in 15 families of Coleoptera,9 in 6 families of Hemiptera,4 in 4 families of Hymenoptera,3 in 3families of Orthoptera,2 in 2 families of Neuroptera,2 in 2 families of Diptera,1 in 1family of Blattaria and 1 in 1 family of Odonata.2.From 2018 to 2019,insect trapping in apple orchard began to occur in mid to late April,and the annual peak occurred in the first and middle of June,the first and middle of July,and the last and middle of August.The peak of pest occurrence in orchard is in the late June and mid August,which is the key period of pest control.3.In order to analyze the trapping effect of different types of Pest-Killing Lamps,20 ordinary frequency vibration,self-cleaning and wind-driven Pest-Killing Lamps were set between May 27,2018 and October 5,2018.It was found that the number of Pest-Killing Lamps for Lepidoptera was from high to low,which was followed by wind-driven insecticidal lamp,ordinary frequency vibration insecticidal lamp,self-cleaning insecticidal lamp.From high to low,the number of Coleoptera was trapping by common frequency vibration lamp,wind suction lamp and self-cleaning lamp.The ratio of natural enemies to pests was 1:21.41 for ordinary frequency vibration lamp,1:13.83 for self-cleaning lamp and 1:10.66 for wind suction lamp.4.In order to analyze the rhythm of insect’s flutter light,five frequency vibrating insecticidal lights were set between April 29,2019 and September 6,2019.It was found that the peak of insect’s flutter light in apple orchard was followed from 19:00to 21:00 and from 21:00 to 23:00 and from 01:00 to 03:00.From high to low,the peak of flapping lamp of Lepidoptera was followed from 21:00 to 23:00 and from19:00 to 21:00 and from 1:00 to 03:00.The peak of Coleoptera was from 19:00 to21:00,and that of natural enemies was from 19:00 to 23:00.5.In order to analyze the trapping effect of Pest-Killing Lamp in different wave bands on natural enemies,three LED yellow lights(588-590nm),three orange lights(600-605nm)and three red lights(620-625nm)were set during April 29-september 6,2019.It was found that The ratio of natural enemies to pests of three kinds of light sources was red light,orange light,yellow light.6.In order to analyze the luring effect of different materials of Pest-Killing Lamps,yellow light(588-590nm),orange light(600-605nm)and red light(620-625nm)Pest-Killing Lamps of LED and common fluorescent materials are set between July 14,2019 and September 6,2019.There are three Pest-Killing Lamps of each material and light source,with a total of 18 Pest-Killing Lamps.It was found that the number of pests by common fluorescent yellow light trapping,orange light and red light was more than that by LED yellow light,orange light and red light,and the benefit harm ratio of LED yellow light,orange light and red light was more than that by common fluorescent yellow light,orange light and red light.The results showed that light trapping was an effective physical control technology in apple orchard.which the wind suction lamp had the best trapping effect on Lepidoptera,and the common frequency vibration lamp had the best trapping effect on Coleoptera.According to the occurrence dynamics of main pests,natural enemies such as Chrysopa perla and Ladybirds in orchard and the rhythm of light catching,it is suggested to turn off the light killing at 21:00-23:00 in early June and19:00-23:00 in late July to avoid the occurrence of natural enemies and the peak of light catching.The above methods provide a basis for the annual green control of apple orchard. |
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