Analysis On Eating And Cooking Quality And Its Main Gene Sequences Of The Elite Parents In Hybrid Rice

Eating and cooking quality（ECQ）is one of the main factors affecting rice quality,and it is including amylose content（AC）,gel consistency and gelatinization temperature.Waxy gene is mainly affecting amylose content and gel consistency,and its allele variation mainly caused the difference of amylose content in rice.ALK gene is mainly affecting gelatinization temperature,and its allele variation is the main factor causing the difference of ECQ.The allele variation of Waxy and ALK genes of the elite parents were sequenced in this experiment.These could lay the theoretical foundation for eating and cooking improvement of hybrid rice.In this study,a total of twenty seven elite parents widely used in hybid rice production were studied,including twelve maintainer lines,fifteen restorer lines.their AC,alkali spread value（ASV）and gel consistency（GC）were determined.Waxy and ALK genes were amplified using primer design in the research materials,and sequenced,spliced and compared genetic diversity of the two genes and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed.The main results of this study are as follows:1.There were significant differences in AC and ASV and GC.Among them,the AC mainly distributed in 10.0%-20.0%,and other were 20.1%-25.0%.The ASV was between 3.5and 7.0,which belongs to medium and low gelatinization temperature level.However,GC varied from 30mm to 80mm.The results showed that only AC and GC were significantly negatively correlated,and the correlation coefficients were-0.928 and-0.931 respectively in Chengdu and Hainan experimental location.2.A total of 43 mutations loci of Waxy gene were found in the test materials,including three mutations loci in exons.3.A total of 32 mutations were detected in ALK gene,including seven mutations in exons.4.Through association analysis of Waxy gene and chemical characters,it was found that there were significant association between the variation of four main sites and AC and GC.They were T/G mutation of the 5’-terminal splicing site and（AATT）_nof the first intron,T/C mutation of the ninth exon and C/T mutation of the tenth exon.The genotypes were mainly divided into Wx^a-1,Wx^a-2,Wx^b-1and Wx^b-2.5.Through association analysis of ALK gene and ASV,it was found that there were significant association between variation of five main sites and ASV.C/G mutation of the first exon,C/A mutation of the third intron,G/T mutation of the sixth intron,C/A/G mutation of the seventh intron and GC/TT mutation of the eighth exon,The genotypes were mainly divided into ALK^G-1,ALK^G-2,ALK^G-3and ALK^Y.