The Simulation And Experimental Research On The Stepless Regulation System Of The Reciprocating Compressor’s Gas Volume

Reciprocating compressors,an important component of machinery in process industries such as the petroleum and coal chemical sectors,are also among the high-energy equipment in China with very high energy usage,affect the development of China’s industry.The gas valve is a crucial part of the reciprocating compressor that controls the flow of gas into and out of the cylinder.The features of the gas valve have an impact on the reciprocating compressor’s performance and lifespan.At present,the high energy consumption problems faced by reciprocating compressors are mainly due to their high failure rate,long-term deviation from design conditions,and inefficient operation,both of which are directly related to gas valves.Therefore,it is imperative to significantly alter the current reticular air valve,optimize the structural design of the reciprocating compressor air valve,and create a system for regulating the air volume of the reciprocating compressor in order to support the energy-saving and effective growth of the compressor industry.There are many methods to adjust the gas volume of a reciprocating compressor,among which the top-opening stepless gas volume adjustment method is the most widely used.The following are the stages in the procedure:As the reciprocating compressor’s piston starts to squeeze the gas,the actuator draws the air valve’s valve plate downward.As a consequence,the gas pulled into the cylinder enters the air intake chamber via the air inlet valve.When the piston hits the preset position,the actuator is removed,the air intake valve is closed,and the piston starts to compress the gas forward,reducing the compressed gas volume and adjusting the displacement.Compared with other methods,this method has a wider adjustment range and a better energy-saving effect,so this thesis takes the top-opening gas volume stepless regulation system as the research object,and the main work is as follows:(1)The force analysis is completed together with the construction of the mathematical model of the traditional mesh air intake valve.The conventional mesh air inlet valve needs a revolution.On this basis,after the motion law of the air inlet valve of the gas volume stepless regulation system and the engineering thermodynamic process of each section of the reciprocating compressor are studied theoretically,they offer theoretical direction for the gas volume stepless regulation system’s further construction.(2)Two different types of linear motion driving mechanisms are compared,and their operating theories and application properties are examined.The voice coil motor is selected as the driving mechanism because it is more suited to the application environment of a gas volume stepless regulating system due to its characteristics of a short stroke,a large thrust,and a quick response time.(3)The elastic force test experiment on the valve plate of the intake valve was carried out.After the experiment,it was found that there was a deviation between the calculated elastic force and the experimental elastic force,and the deviation of the elastic force would have a great influence on the pressure fork.Therefore,the elastic force of the valve plate itself should be considered when designing the gas volume stepless regulation system.Through calculation and experimental conclusion,it is determined that the force exerted by the pressure fork is at least 107.51N when it is forced to push into the valve plate of the air valve.(4)The pressure channel of that pressure fork is a second channel groove of the air inlet valve.The inclination angle of the round table of the pressure fork is 45.The number of press fork holes and slots is 4,the number of holes and slots on the pressure fork is 4,and the shape is circular,with a diameter of 22.6mm and an optimal hole and slot area of1600 mm~2.(5)The reciprocating compressor’s gas volume is experimented with using a stepless regulating mechanism.The experiment shows that it is not advisable to control the speed of the permanent magnet direct driver to regulate the gas volume of a reciprocating compressor,which may easily lead to the damage of the intake valve and a shutdown accident.In the experiment with the gas stepless regulation system,as the load decreases,the pressure fork’s time to push into the gas valve’s valve plate and its time to remain in the maximum position both lengthen.This can cause more gas to flow back into the intake cavity.The gas pressure in the reciprocating compressor and the PID control loop have an impact on the displacement and speed of the pressure fork.(6)The experiment examines the gas volume stepless regulation system’s ability to save energy and validates the simulation’s accuracy.