Research On The Subjective Cognitive Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of The Facade Elements Of Historic Buildings

With the comprehensive deepening of reform and the advancement of urbanization in our country,it is becoming more and more difficult to implement the government-led traditional historical blocks and historical building protection policies,and the importance of public participation has been raised to a new height.Public participation in the renovation of historical buildings can coordinate social relations,solve social problems,better continue the urban context,and ensure the rationality and democracy of historical building renovation.As the outer surface layer of the building,the building facade is the external image display of the historical building,and it is also one of the main parts of the interaction between the building and the external environment,and it plays a role in conveying culture in the city.The facade determines the overall temperament of the historical building,and the public’s perception of the historical building is reflected by the facade.The color of the facade can affect the public’s aesthetic perception of the facade,which is reflected in the evaluation of the degree of historical authenticity,the connotation of architectural art,and the degree of coordination and unity of historical blocks.The facades of historic buildings have different color characteristics at different stages of existence,including the original historical color in the early stage of construction,the original color in the process of existence,and the preserved color.The public believes that the authentic colors in the process of the existence of historical buildings are more suitable for the historical blocks and make the blocks more harmonious;the public believe that the authentic colors of the history are more authentic and have architectural artistic connotations.Among the influencing factors of the public’s color choice,the factors of age and education level have a greater influence.The authentic color is more attractive to young people,and the preserved color is more attractive to middle-aged and elderly people.The authentic color of process is more attractive to the public with a bachelor’s degree and below,and the authentic color of history is more attractive to the public with a master’s degree or above.Gender and regional factors have little influence on public color choice.Facade decoration can also affect the public’s aesthetic perception of the facade,which is reflected in the evaluation of formal aesthetics,historical characteristics,and contemporary principles.The degree of renovation of facade decoration is between 25%-50% of the historical buildings are more popular with the public,the public has a higher evaluation of the beauty of the facade decoration form and the principles of the times for the renovation degree of more than 75%,and the facade decoration degree of less than 25% The historical features of surface decoration are highly rated.In terms of influencing factors,gender,age,education level,and occupational factors have a greater impact on the choice of facade decoration,while regional factors have a lesser impact.Buildings with a renovation degree of 75% or more of the fa(?)ade decoration are more attractive to men,and buildings with a renovation degree of 25%-50% are more attractive to women;buildings with a renovation degree of 75% or more of the facade decoration are more attractive to teenagers Larger,with a renovation degree of 25%-50% of the facade decoration is more attractive to middle-aged and elderly people;buildings with more than 75% of the facade decoration renovation degree are more attractive to the public with high school education and below.Level 25%-50% of the facade decoration is more attractive to the public with a bachelor degree or above;buildings with a renovation level of 75% or more are more attractive to students,and buildings with a renovation level of less than 25% It is more attractive to the public engaged in industries related to history,heritage,and architecture,and the facade decoration with a renovation degree of 25%-50% is more attractive to the public in other industries.In terms of facade decoration,four cases were selected based on the theory of historical building renovation,renovation degree,and value level,and subjective difference characteristics were analyzed from the aspects of artistic beauty,historical characteristics,and the principles of the times.A 25%-50% renovation is more attractive to the facade.This level of change may bring new vibrancy and appeal to the building,while also retaining the original character and identity of the building.The public is more inclined to combine the new with the old,and the moderate degree of renovation not only maintains the original historical characteristics of the building,but also conforms to the aesthetics of the current era.The facade decoration with a renovation degree of more than 75% is more aesthetically pleasing and contemporary.The lower the degree of transformation,the lower the aesthetic feeling of form and the timeliness.This has a certain relationship with the eye-catching degree and style of the decorative elements.The greater the change,the more elements of the current era.The facade decoration with a renovation degree of less than 25% has more historical characteristics,and the higher the renovation degree,the lower the historic characteristic score.Facade decoration with little renovation has more historical elements and distinctive features.In terms of influencing factors,regional factors have less impact on facade decoration,while gender,age,education level,and occupational factors have greater impact.Facade elements are the constituent units of the facade.Studying them alone can not only analyze the characteristic differences of the elements,but also understand how different publics feel about building facades.Based on this,we can formulate design strategies that better meet the needs of users.The overall renovation of the facade can be designed according to the degree of attention to the elements.During the transformation of facade elements,targeted design can be carried out according to the degree of influencing factors.For example,highly saturated colors and distinctive decorative elements can be used to enhance the visual effect and attract young people;Aesthetic cognition;you can choose the facade decoration combining historical elements and era elements to apply to buildings that ordinary professional people pay attention to.Studying facade elements from the perspective of the public promotes the socialization of architectural design,improves the communication and cooperation between designers and the public,and can achieve better social benefits.