| The solar simulator is an important equipment for spacecraft simulation testing,testing,and calibration.It has been widely used in aviation,aerospace,national defense,meteorology,and other fields.Due to the influence of imaging relationships and the mutual constraints of the parameters of the condensing system and the homogenizing system,it is difficult to improve the irradiation uniformity of the solar simulator,which cannot meet the current demand for highly uniform irradiation simulation,seriously restricting the development of related industries.Therefore,in order to solve the problem of poor irradiation uniformity in traditional solar simulators,this paper carries out the design and research of an optical system for solar simulators based on free-form surface focusing,which solves the problem of poor irradiation uniformity on the incident surface of the integrator caused by the Gaussian energy distribution on the second focal plane of the focusing system,and achieves the effect of high irradiation uniformity in solar simulators,The research results of this paper have played an important role in promoting the development of solar simulation technology,and have also brought new ideas for engineering applications in related fields.By analyzing the research status of solar simulators at home and abroad,the development trend and main problems of solar simulators are summarized.The energy transfer efficiency,edge light principle,optical expansion,classification and related standards of solar simulators in non-imaging optical theory are described.Based on solar radiation simulation technology and non-imaging optical theory,a design scheme for the optical system of a collimated solar simulator is proposed.The system consists of a light source,a free-form surface condenser,an optical integrator,and a collimating objective.The overall layout and working principle of the system are described,and the design index requirements of the system are clarified.In order to achieve solar irradiation simulation with high irradiation uniformity,the light source is designed to ensure that the irradiance is not less than a solar constant;The design and optimization of free-form surface condenser are emphatically studied,and a model of free-form surface condenser suitable for xenon lamp light sources is established,which improves the irradiation distribution on the second focal plane of the condenser system and improves the irradiation uniformity on the incident end face of the optical integrator;By comparing and analyzing the existing uniform light systems,a 37 channel optical integrator is designed,which achieves high beam uniformity and improves the irradiation uniformity of the solar simulator;According to the design index requirements,a collimating objective lens with an aperture of 180 mm and a field of view diaphragm with an aperture of 37.7 mm were designed to ensure the size of the irradiation surface and the parallelism of the output beam.The optical system of a collimated solar simulator was modeled,simulated,and analyzed using Light Tools software.The results showed that the irradiation nonuniformity of the solar simulator using a free-form surface condenser lens significantly decreased compared to that using an ellipsoidal condenser lens.The irradiation nonuniformity within50 mm of the irradiation surface was better than 0.32%,and the irradiation nonuniformity within 100 mm of the irradiation surface was better than 0.53%.Through error simulation analysis,based on the existing level of free-form surface processing and testing,the feasibility of the designed free-form surface condenser lens processing,testing,and alignment is verified.At the same time,the effects of errors in the installation and adjustment of xenon lamps,optical integrators,and collimating objective lenses on the irradiance and irradiation nonuniformity of the solar simulator are simulated and analyzed,providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent allocation of installation and adjustment errors of the solar simulator. |
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