| In recent years,with the rapid advancement of urbanization in China,large-scale social and economic activities and cultural exchange activities have become increasingly frequent,followed by occasional pedestrian stampede accidents.In order to better control the crowd,rationally design the pedestrian facilities,and ensure the safety of pedestrians,it is particularly important to conduct in-depth research on pedestrian dynamics.Aiming at the common causes of stampede accidents: heterogeneous clustering and bottleneck congestion,this paper studies and analyzes the traffic behavior characteristics of two-way pedestrian flow in L-shaped passage.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Carry out experiments and extract and analyze experimental data.Taking the L-shaped channel and two-way pedestrian flow as the research objects of this paper,controllable experiments were carried out,the whole process of the experimenter’s movement was recorded,and the self-organization phenomenon of pedestrian movement in the scene was observed.The Tracker video analysis software was used to extract the experimental data and analyze the characteristics of pedestrian motion trajectory and speed.The results show that the pedestrian flow will undergo a state transition from disorder to order during the whole experiment,and a series of typical pedestrian self-organization phenomena will occur.The L-shaped channel can be divided into horizontal straight area,turning transition area,turning area,vertical straight area and idle triangle area;The trajectory of pedestrians in the passage is close to a stable,almost symmetrical curve;In order to ensure the safety of movement during the turning process,the speed of pedestrians is gradually changed;The turning angular velocity of pedestrians in the turning area of entrances A and B is close to a constant value of0.45rad/s and 0.55rad/s,respectively.(2)Establishment and verification of L-shaped passage pedestrian improvement social force model.Considering that the force and movement speed of pedestrians are different from linear motion during the turning process,and the classical social force model is difficult to simulate it realistically and effectively,this paper improves the pedestrian turning behavior model from three aspects: reconstructing the mechanical model,adding the mechanical model and parameter calibration,and uses MATLAB mathematical software to carry out simulation experiments to simulate the walking process of pedestrians in the experimental scene.The difference between the simulation output value before and after the model improvement and the data extracted by the controllable experiment is compared and analyzed,which verifies the effectiveness of the improved model and proves the feasibility of the model parameter value,model structure and simulation platform establishment logic.(3)Simulation study on the influence of pedestrian traffic efficiency of L-shaped passage in different scenarios.Based on the improved social force model,the whole process of pedestrian movement in the passage in different scenarios is simulated.When exploring the influence of pedestrian flow on the efficiency of pedestrian traffic in the passage,in addition to considering the working conditions of two-way balanced flow,the movement state of pedestrians under unbalanced flow is also considered.When studying the influence of channel structure on the efficiency of pedestrian traffic in the passage,the influence of three channel connection modes,90° right angle connection,90 ° arc connection and 45° chamfer connection on pedestrian traffic efficiency,from the perspective of increasing the effective utilization area of the passage turning area,was explored.The results show that pedestrians on the inside of the passage will cause congestion and stagnation in the turning area of the passage,while pedestrians on the outside of the passage allow some pedestrians to slow down or accelerate in the idle triangle area of the passage.The more balanced the proportion of two-way pedestrians,the lower the efficiency of pedestrian circulation;Increasing the effective utilization area of the turning area can make the speed change of the pedestrian in the whole area of the passage more stable,and the safety and efficiency of pedestrian traffic are higher.The research results of this article enrich the pedestrian movement database,provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of social force models for improving pedestrian turning behavior,and provide new ideas for the design and management of channel turning. |
