Research On Smart Grid Data Security Sharing And Incentive Technology Based On Blochchain

Smart grid promotes a new round of technological transformation in the field of electric power.As various smart devices connect to the power grid,real-time collection of power data makes it possible to accurately grasp the operation status of the grid.When managing the huge data of the smart grid,it is faced with problems such as third-party cloud storage cannot meet data privacy requirements,high cost of data sharing between different systems,and lack of effective sharing incentive mechanism.Combining blockchain technology and cryptography algorithms,this paper studies and proposes corresponding solutions from three aspects of data storage,security sharing and incentive mechanism,and demonstrates the feasibility and advantages of the solutions from two dimensions of security and performance.The specific research contents of this paper are summarized as follows:(1)Aiming at the problem that the third-party cloud storage scheme cannot meet the requirements of data security storage and privacy protection,a smart grid power data storage scheme is proposed based on blockchain.The raw power data is hashed to generate a fixedlength hash summary,and then upload the hash summary to the blockchain for storage,the raw power data and summary information are stored on the IPFS which is off-chain.A smart contract is designed to realize user identity authentication and query log records to reflect the process of power data flow;The Aggregate-signature Byzantine Fault Tolerant(ABFT)protocol is designed to reduce the communication complexity by adjusting the broadcast mode of nodes,which is more suitable for the scenario with more nodes.This scheme can resist common attack types,and has a significant improvement in data storage overhead,average delay and throughput compared with similar schemes.(2)Aiming at problems such as high computational overhead and privacy leakage in sharing high value power data,a security sharing scheme of smart grid data based on conditional proxy re-encryption is proposed.Taking identity information as public key,a private key generator(PKG)is introduced to generate private key and maintain key security,which simplifies the certificate management process in proxy re-encryption;Embed a condition value in the ciphertext and key to restrict the proxy server’s cryptographic conversion authority,and realize the data fineness sharing for different users by updating the condition value;Deploy the proxy server to the cloud and allow it to use its own height computing power to partially decrypt the ciphertext without disclosing any private data.The security analysis and performance test show that this scheme satisfies the data privacy between specific users,and the computing cost is superior to other schemes.(3)In view of the lack of effective incentive mechanism in existing data sharing schemes,and the unwillingness of data holders to share data due to privacy security issues,a smart grid data dynamic game incentive mechanism based on smart contracts is proposed.First of all,several basic assumptions are given to the performative game model,and the evolutionary game income matrix is established;Then analyze the stability strategy of evolutionary game according to the income matrix,write the above evolutionary game model into the smart contract for the data sharing parties to call,and use MATLAB to analyze the factors that affect users’ participation in sharing.The simulation results show that this scheme can effectively stimulate users’ participation in sharing and maximize the benefits of both parties.