| As urbanisation continues,the hardened area of cities(the area occupied by houses and roads)has increased significantly.Due to the lack of a sponge city construction concept,the number of natural sponges such as rivers and green areas has been greatly reduced,and the imperfect construction of urban drainage networks have led to increasingly serious flooding problems in most cities in China..The wide range of impacts and losses have become an important constraint on the economic and social development of cities.The introduction of the PPP model could relieve much of the financial pressure on the government,while the addition of social capital has brought innovative expertise and project management tools.However,due to the relatively short development time of the PPP model,there is no professional legal regulation system and regulatory system to manage it,and many projects have irregular operation.So Value for money(VFM)evaluation is therefore a common international tool for determining the suitability of a project for the PPP model.In the practice of PPP projects,different driving factors have different impacts on the realization and improvement of value for money in PPP projects.However,there are still gaps in the existing literature on the VFM driving mechanism of sponge city PPP projects.Therefore,this paper aims to investigate the driving role of different drivers on the VFM of sponge city PPP projects on the basis of exploring the interrelationship of the drivers,discovering ways to improve VFM and putting forward relevant optimisation suggestions.Specifically,there are as follows:Firstly,in order to provide an in-depth analysis of the development status of the relevant content of this study,bibliometric statistics,word frequency statistics and cluster analysis were conducted on relevant domestic and international studies.It was found that domestic and international literature related to value for money is increasingly published but there are still gaps in research on the identification of drivers and factor-driven mechanisms of VFM in the field of sponge city PPP projects.Secondly,a list of VFM drivers for sponge city PPP projects was constructed using a combination of literature analysis and case studies.Sample data were collected through a questionnaire and the 35 drivers in the list were extracted using exploratory factor analysis into seven categories of principal components: cost and benefit(CB),output and social benefit(CC),risk and safety(FX),project characteristics(TZ),contract and policy and legal environment(HT),degree of collaboration between project participants(XZ),and competence and experience of project participants(NL).The factors are classified and combined with the importance index to calculate the degree to which they are directly driven,with costs and benefits having the greatest degree of direct drive.Again,traditional hypothesis testing methods were used to explore the interactions between the drivers of VFM in sponge city PPP projects and their contribution to VFM.It was found that XZ has a significant effect on CB;XZ has a significant effect on NL;XZ has a significant effect on CC;TZ has a significant effect on CB;HT has a significant effect on NL;HT has a significant effect on CB;NL has a significant effect on CC;CC has a significant effect on CB;and FX has a significant effect on XZ.Based on the interactions between the factors,the indirect driving paths of each driver acting on VFM can be mapped out,and combined with the degree of direct driving in the previous section,it is concluded that CB has the greatest combined degree of driving on VFM enhancement.Finally,the improvement pathways of VFM for sponge city PPP projects motivated by the drivers are explored.Suggestions for improvement are made from three perspectives: cost and benefit,risk and safety,and contractual and legal policy environment,providing theoretical references and lessons for more efficient and high-quality construction of sponge city PPP projects. |
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