Research On The Structure And Performance Analysis Of The Dust Suction Port Of A Purely Electric Small Sweeper

Pure electric small sweeper has the advantages of low noise,zero emissions and flexible use,therefore has unique advantages in the process of sanitation work in urban public places.The environment of sanitation operations in places such as airports,high-speed railway stations,scenic areas,back streets and alleys is complex and the workload is heavy,mechanized sanitation operations are ineffective and have been criticized for a long time,and the labour intensity of sanitation workers remains high.The development of purely electric sweepers that can adapt to the abovementioned operating scenarios and improve the mechanization of sanitation operations in complex operating environments will not only ease the work intensity of sanitation workers,but also save the labour costs of the sanitation system.The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of various factors on the flow field characteristics of the dust extraction port of a sweeper and to reveal the mechanism of its influence on the dust extraction efficiency of the dust extraction port.The dust extraction port is the key to the dust extraction system of the sweeper,and improving the design level of the dust extraction port of the sweeper can effectively improve the performance of the sweeper.In this study,the S26,a pure electric small sweeper developed by Anhui Airuite New Energy Special Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,is used as the research object.The CFD(computational fluid dynamics)method is used to analyze the influence of the structural parameters(front baffle tilt angle,outlet diameter,etc.)and the operating parameters(driving speed,operating pressure)on the dust suction effect of the sweeper,and the effect is verified by a real vehicle test.A multiobjective orthogonal test method based on BP neural network is used to fit the influencing factors and objective functions,and finally the parameters are optimized using the whale algorithm.The main research elements are as follows.(1)The structural parameters of the dust extraction port have a direct influence on the values of air inlet speed and pressure,which in turn affects the dust extraction efficiency.The efficiency of dust extraction is negatively related to the driving speed,too high a driving speed will result in larger particles escaping from the ground clearance and prevent individual particles from gaining sufficient kinetic energy.Negative outlet pressure is positively related to the efficiency of dust extraction,but excessive negative pressure only increases the airflow rate,but not the efficiency of dust extraction.(2)The test results show that the higher the negative pressure provided by the centrifugal fan,the higher the air velocity at the inlet of the dust extraction port,and the air velocity at the center of the inlet is significantly greater than that at the edge.At the same time,the pressure at the center of the outlet of the dust extraction port increases significantly,and the pressure at the center of the outlet is greater than that at the edge,but the pressure near the edge does not change much.As the driving speed increases,the suction efficiency tends to decrease.At the same speed,the greater the negative pressure provided by the fan,the greater the suction efficiency.(3)BP neural network was used to fit the structural parameters and evaluation indexes,and the fitting errors were all within 5%,indicating that the fitting results of this method were good.The optimal structural parameters were further solved by the whale algorithm according to the fitted relationship of the BP neural network output: β=63°,d=168 mm,h=12 mm.The study showed that the energy consumption of the optimized model was reduced,while the internal airflow loss was reduced.The optimized particle trajectory becomes smoother,in which the particle motion speed increases,the particle residence time becomes shorter and the particles can flow out of the outlet faster,thus improving the dust suction effect.This study provides an overall analysis and optimized design of the dust extraction port.Technical support is provided for the development of areas such as improving the sweeping performance of sweepers.The research results obtained can provide a reference for the performance optimization and parameter matching of sweepers.