| After years of rapid development of railway technology in China,the overall technological status has been in the international leading level,railway maintenance has changed the extensive and primitive management mode,and the trend of integration of digitalization,information technology and comprehensive maintenance production is increasingly obvious.In order to better allocate resources scientifically,implement accurate operations,and realize the fine management of sleeper-related work,the research and development and establishment of "one pillow and one file information base" have also begun to attract the attention of the industry.Harbin Railway Bureau took the lead in proposing to file and record the status information,life cycle,overrun problem,disease data,maintenance and repair process,cost consumption of each sleeper,and implement the management of digital ledger.In order to facilitate the maintenance and tracking of sleeper information,one of the important subjects is the type,specification and other key geometric parameters of the track fastener."One pillow,one gear information base" can significantly improve the working mode of track geometry detection and smoothness control,change the current situation that only the adjustment quantity of fasteners can be provided instead of the specification parameters of fasteners to be replaced directly,thus facilitating the preparation of materials,reducing the conversion workload of field operations,reducing the error rate,and improving the working efficiency.However,in the process of railway construction and operation,the railway department does not have reliable relevant statistical data,and also lacks digital automatic detection means.Therefore,the information collection in the early stage of filing and the continuous maintenance of sleeper files in the future need to be manually checked and manually recorded,which will be a huge workload task.It becomes a huge obstacle to promote the research and application of "one-pillow-one-file information base".In this paper,a measuring system of key geometric parameters of track coupler is developed by using line laser profile sensor and track inspection instrument,which can quickly obtain the type and size of key geometric parameters of track coupler.Considering the wide variety of fasteners,in order to focus more on the research and experiment of basic technology and algorithm,the three most commonly used fasteners in China,namely WJ-8,WJ-7 and Forthro 300-1,are selected as research and experimental test objects.On the basis of analyzing and studying the applicability of non-contact measurement method based on line laser profile sensor,the overall scheme of measurement system for key geometric parameters of track coupler is proposed,and the design and production of scanning device of three-dimensional line laser sensor is completed.It includes the overall structure of the measuring system,model selection of line laser profile sensor,mechanical structure design,hardware design of the measuring system,data acquisition and processing and analysis,application software of the measuring system and interface design.The system can work in conjunction with the track inspection instrument,and can be easily disassembled and assembled.In order to remove the interference of target point cloud comprehensively and extract single fastener point cloud accurately,a method based on the height of fastener and the maximum height of single frame point cloud was proposed.The Point Net algorithm was analyzed,and aiming at the disadvantages of the algorithm in local feature extraction,a method combining multidimensional features with Point Net was proposed for point cloud classification of track fasteners.In order to segment fastener parts,an improved European-style clustering segmentation algorithm is proposed in view of the unsatisfactory effect of traditional European-style clustering segmentation,which has better robustness and can improve the accuracy of segmentation results.On the basis of analyzing the structural characteristics of different types of fasteners,a method for measuring the key geometric parameters of track fasteners is proposed,and tests and experiments are carried out aiming at the detection accuracy and efficiency of this method.The results show that the research results can meet the expected measurement needs. |
