| With the depletion of global fossil energy and the proposal of the goal of “carbon peak,carbon neutral”,the cogeneration system that can not only absorb renewable energy but also reduce the carbon emissions of the system has received more and more attention worldwide.The combined heat and power micro-grid system formed by combining the combined heat and power system with the micro-grid can meet the heat and electricity needs of users at the same time,and can improve the economy,flexibility and environmental protection of the system operation.However,the renewable energy output in the microgrid is relatively random,and is easily affected by weather and other factors,and there will be some error compared with the predicted value.At the same time,for the cogeneration microgrid system,the thermal output and heat demand are not real-time balanced,which brings great challenges to the optimal scheduling of the cogeneration microgrid.In addition,demand response is a flexible means of regulation and control,and the traditional demand response electricity selling price and incentive compensation price are only determined by the operator.How to establish an appropriate electricity selling price and incentive demand response compensation price in demand response is of great significance for achieving win-win benefits for system operators and users,and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system economy.At the same time,the traditional carbon emission trading mechanism trades at a fixed carbon trading price,which cannot fully mobilize the enthusiasm of operators to participate in reducing carbon emissions.Therefore,the establishment of a dynamic carbon trading price carbon emission trading mechanism has important research value for achieving “carbon peak,carbon neutral”.Based on the above background,this paper,aiming at the load demand and operation characteristics of the cogeneration micro-grid system,carries out in-depth research on the modeling of the cogeneration system equipment unit,thermal inertia,thermal comfort,demand response,master-slave game and the carbon emission trading mechanism of dynamic carbon trading price.The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)Mathematical modeling of power supply equipment and energy supply auxiliary equipment in a cogeneration microgrid system is conducted,and their working principles are analyzed.Considering the thermal inertia characteristics of buildings and the predicted mean vote(PMV)index of user thermal comfort,the traditional real-time thermal load balancing is transformed into building temperature to meet the user’s thermal comfort requirements.The heat dissipation in the heating area is introduced into the optimization as a control variable,and a building thermal inertia model and a user thermal comfort model in a cogeneration type microgrid are established.At the same time,a carbon trading mechanism model is established,Laying a foundation for subsequent research.(2)On the basis of considering the building thermal inertia,considering the randomness and volatility of renewable energy output,and considering that the electricity price demand response can help to achieve the “peak shaving and valley filling ” of the system,an optimal dispatching model of the cogeneration microgrid considering the building thermal inertia,demand response and carbon trading mechanism is established,and the impact of the building thermal inertia and carbon trading mechanism on the economic and environmental dispatching of the cogeneration microgrid is analyzed.It is concluded that the consideration of building thermal inertia and carbon trading mechanism can improve the economy and environmental protection of the cogeneration microgrid system.(3)In order to ensure that the system takes into account the interests of microgrid operators and users under the premise of low carbon and environmental protection,a microgrid master-slave game low carbon operation model based on dynamic carbon emission trading price and its solution method are proposed.On the basis of considering the thermal inertia of buildings,a bi-level programming mathematical model for micro-grid operators and users is established: the upper operators optimize the electricity selling price and incentive compensation price at the same time with the goal of maximizing revenue;The lower users take the maximum utility function as the goal,and optimize their own load according to the upper price information.In order to further reduce carbon emissions and improve the traditional carbon emissions trading mechanism,a time-sharing dynamic carbon emissions trading price model is proposed.Further explore the impact of demand-side management on system economy,environment and social benefits;The differential evolution algorithm and Gurobi optimization software are combined with MATLAB programming to realize the solution of the model,and four scenarios are established for comparative analysis.The analysis shows that considering the demand response,building thermal inertia and dynamic carbon emission trading price can achieve the best interests of users and operators,and can further reduce the carbon emissions of the system,which has important research significance for achieving the “double carbon” goal. |
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