Research On Safety Performance Of Lightweight Seat Based On Multi-material Matching

With the steady improvement of economic level,people’s demand for cars is also increasing.The number of cars is increasing,and the safety and fuel economy issues are attracting more and more attention.Reducing the weight of a car can significantly improve fuel consumption,pollution emissions,acceleration time,and braking distance.Safety and lightness are the key research objects of automobile manufacturers.It is relatively easy to achieve lightness of automobile interior and exterior decoration because of its stress.As one of the most important parts of interior and exterior decoration,the degree of lightness is of great significance.Through the structure design,the application of lightweight materials can effectively reduce the quality of the seat,achieve the purpose of saving cost and reducing fuel consumption.Based on the theory and algorithm of finite element,this paper introduces the factors that affect the simulation accuracy and the important seat regulations in the world.In this paper,a steel seat model was established based on the 55-minute rear seat of an SUV,and the safety performance was evaluated by the strength of seat belt fixed point and the static strength of backrest.In the safety belt fixed point condition,seat and body strain are less than the target value,body solder joint force is less than3 KN,the failure risk is small.In the static strength condition of the headrest,the head displacement is less than 102 mm,and the seat strain is less than 0.2.Both working conditions meet the performance requirements.Then,based on the steel seat,the core parts and key bearing parts are retained as steel,and the other non-bearing key parts are replaced by aluminum alloy materials,forming the steel-aluminum hybrid seat.The difficulty of multi-material seat lies in the connection of materials.The connection technology of common aluminum alloy is introduced.After that,the finite element modeling and analysis of the steel-aluminum hybrid seat are carried out,and the results of multi-condition evaluation can meet the performance requirements.The lighter weight of the seat can be realized by replacing steel with aluminum alloy.Finally,the method of experimental design and the theory of multi-objective optimization are introduced in detail.The lightweight performance of steel-aluminum hybrid seat is further explored by using the method of experimental design and multi-objective optimization,and an approximate proxy model is established to obtain the optimal lightweight solution considering performance.