Research On The Architecture Of Buddhist Temples On Jiuhuashan

Jiuhua Mountain is one of the "Four Famous Mountains" of Chinese Buddhism with a long history.The introduction of Buddhism in Jiuhuashan can be traced back to the Jin Dynasty,the Tang Dynasty began to develop,the number of monks in the monastery gradually increased,until the Ming and Qing dynasties ushered in the heyday of development,after several years of changes,its development is also a historical microcosm of the development of Chinese Buddhism.As a carrier of culture and spirit,Buddhist monasteries have also experienced many storms along with the development of Buddhism,and most Buddhist temples have suffered varying degrees of damage due to wars during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.As a treasure of traditional culture,Jiuhua Mountain is currently lacking in the study of its spatial and temporal distribution and architectural characteristics,and needs to be supplemented.This study takes the architecture of Jiuhuashan Buddhist Temple as the main object,and explores the relationship between architecture and culture through literature research and field investigation to sort out the historical evolution,sort out the spatial distribution,summarize the architectural layout,summarize the architectural characteristics.Through reviewing literature and field investigation,the historical evolution and cultural characteristics of Buddhism and temple construction in Jiuhuashan were sorted out,and it was concluded that Buddhism in Jiuhuashan has the characteristics of integration with Tibet culture,Buddhism and Confucianism.Based on literature review and field research,the geographical location of each temple was obtained,and the temporal and spatial distribution of temples was analyzed by GIS kernel density analysis,and it was found that the distribution center of temples changed from south to north and then decreased,and the number was macroscopicly increased and decreased by the impact of war.Buddhist temples show the characteristics of uneven overall spatial distribution and local aggregation.On the basis of a large number of research and mapping papers,the layout characteristics of Buddhist temples were summarized from five aspects: site selection,orientation,plan layout,height difference processing and spatial sequence.It is found that the site selection and orientation of buildings are influenced by feng shui and local culture,and the location orientation of some temples reflects the subordination relationship between monasteries.Due to the rebuilding and reconstruction of the layout of the Buddhist temple,the axis and function of the current Buddhist temple layout are affected,and the layout of the current temple is mainly free-type.The height difference of the temple is treated in a variety of ways,but all show characteristics combined with the topography;The spatial sequence of the temple is limited by the land use,showing the characteristics of incomplete sequence.Through literature review and field surveying and mapping,the building units were investigated,and the architectural characteristics were summarized from the aspects of building plan,fa?ade,structure,details and decoration on the basis of a large number of mapping papers.It is found that the functional space,plane streamline,and layout of Buddha statues of Buddhist temple buildings have certain correspondence with the building type.The fa?ade of the temple building is common in the residential style and the palace style through the combination of various roofs and roof foundations,and the residential style temple is characterized by the combination of hard mountain roof and horse head wall,doors and windows,and the palace-style feature presents the large-volume characteristics of heavy eaves and mountain tops;Buddhist temples in the area are mainly wooden structures,but there are few bucket arches,and most of them use diagonal braces to transmit roof loads;The decorative themes of Buddhist temples are mainly lotus flowers and folk tales,and the decorative colors have diversified characteristics,mainly blue,white and red.Sort out the historical changes of the architecture of Jiuhuashan Buddhist Temple,expand the basic architectural data database of Jiuhuashan Buddhist Temple,summarize the architectural characteristics of Jiuhuashan,deeply explore cultural characteristics,and finally achieve the purpose of revitalizing traditional culture,promoting regional development,realizing cultural self-confidence,and providing reference for religious and cultural tourism architectural design.Figure 52 table 16 reference 57...