Design And Development Of Vehicle Acceleration Sensor Based On Triboelectric Nanogenerator

In vehicle electronic system,acceleration sensor plays an irreplaceable role in improving vehicle performance and safety.At present,commercial on-board acceleration sensors are only applicable to a single working condition,but also need external power supply and circuit amplifier,which brings more and more complex on-board sensor network wiring problems.In this respect,self-powered sensing technology is particularly important.In order to solve the pain points of the current on-board acceleration sensor industry,this paper proposes,designs and develops two magnetic-assisted self-powered vehicle acceleration sensors based on triboelectric nanogenerator to adapt to different vehicle acceleration monitoring scenarios,taking into account the acceleration monitoring range of vehicles in operation and collision.Its monitoring dimension extends from uniaxial to multi-axial.The main research content of this paper is as follows:Firstly,the working principle of triboelectric nanogenerator is described and summarized.Secondly,based on the basic theory of traditional inertial sensor,the basic theory of acceleration sensor based on triboelectric nanogenerator is obtained.In order to realize the synchronous measurement of acceleration magnitude and direction,the layout of multi-channel sensor unit is adopted.The design principle and surface charge transfer rule of sensor unit monitoring acceleration magnitude and direction are analyzed respectively,which establishes the theoretical basis for the development and simulation analysis of sensor prototype.Further,based on the basic theory of triboelectric nanogenerator acceleration sensor,the design of magnetic-assisted single-axis and multi-axis vehicle acceleration sensors based on triboelectric nanogenerator is carried out,and the structure size and electrode layout of the prototype sensor were determined.The sensor unit and the power generation unit in the sensor are analyzed through electrostatic and electromagnetic simulation,and the potential distribution and magnetic flux density distribution of the sensor unit and the power generation unit in several characteristic states are verified,and the correlation between the electrical signal and monitoring parameters is determined.The feasibility of the acceleration monitoring principle is proved by the results of mechanism and simulation analysis,and the development process of two kinds of triboelectric magnetic-assisted self-powered vehicle acceleration sensors prototype is described.Finally,the experimental system of controllable acceleration is built.In this paper,the magnitude and direction of the triboelectric magnetic-assisted single-axis acceleration sensor under low and high accelerations are studied.For the magnitude monitoring,an interdigital electrode is designed to reflect the acceleration magnitude with the number of current pulses.For direction monitoring,an output stable variable area triangle electrode is designed to judge the direction of acceleration by the distance between the voltage signal and the zero base line.The results show that the fitting linear coefficients of the sensor at low and high accelerations reach 0.993 and 0.991 respectively,and the error rate is less than2.80%when compared with the commercial accelerometer.For the triboelectric magnetic-assisted multi-axis acceleration sensor,based on the arrangement of a ring electrode and four circular electrodes,not only the acceleration monitoring is realized,but also the monitoring of angular velocity and inclination angle.The fitting coefficient of acceleration monitoring can reach 0.99,and the acceleration in 8 horizontal directions can be monitored.The linear fitting coefficient between the angular velocity and the voltage signal frequency is 0.979.The sensitivity of inclination monitoring was 0.158 V deg^-1.At the back end,the signal processing module and terminal display module are built to integrate the vehicle acceleration monitoring system,which further verifies the feasibility of monitoring in the real vehicle driving environment.The triboelectric magnetic-assisted self-powered vehicle acceleration sensors designed and developed in this paper overcomes the problems of existing on-board sensors such as complex wiring,limited service life of external power supply and single monitoring condition.It also enrichis the types and dimensions of vehicle driving monitoring information and provides a new idea for intelligent transportation research.