Research On The Impact Of High-speed Rail Opening On Manufacturing Industry Transfer

Since the reform and opening up,manufacturing has become an important driving force for China ’s economic growth.With the continuous advancement of the new round of industrial revolution,manufacturing industry has become the commanding height of international competition,but the problem of " big but not strong " of China ’s manufacturing industry is still very prominent,and the fact that the unbalanced development of manufacturing industry between regions has become an important obstacle to the coordinated development of China ’s regional system.In this context,it is of great significance to make good use of the opportunity of the new development pattern of " double circulation," rationally plan the industrial layout,and orderly promote the transfer of manufacturing industry between regions,so as to break the external pressure and internal regional development imbalance.Based on the panel data of 220 prefecture-level and above cities in 19 urban agglomerations in China from 2008 to 2019,this paper empirically tests the relationship between high-speed rail,market accessibility,labor mobility and regional industrial transfer.Firstly,this paper systematically combs and summarizes the influence mechanism of high-speed rail,market accessibility and labor mobility on regional manufacturing industry transfer,and puts forward corresponding research hypotheses.Secondly,from the perspective of micro-enterprise transfer,the big data processing software My SQL is used to count,process,match and calculate the transfer-in and transfer-out of micro-enterprises(listed enterprises + unlisted enterprises)at the prefecture-level city level,and the gravity model is used to measure market accessibility and labor mobility.Finally,through different models and research levels,this paper empirically tests the influence mechanism of high-speed rail,market accessibility and labor mobility on the industrial transfer of manufacturing industry,as well as the interaction effect of labor force in the most use of transportation network,and tests the robustness by lagging one period of explanatory variables,replacing core explanatory variables and reducing sample size.The study found that :(1)From the perspective of the transfer level of manufacturing enterprises,the transfer level of manufacturing enterprises at the prefecture-level city level has been continuously improved from 2008 to 2019,but different regions show the characteristics of large level gap and unbalanced regional distribution.At present,the industrial transfer of manufacturing industry in China still occurs in the eastern and central regions which are geographically adjacent and have small differences in economic and industrial development levels.Some cities in the eastern developed areas are not only the places where large manufacturing industries transfer out,but also good places where manufacturing industries receive.The level of industrial transfer within urban agglomerations first increased and then decreased within the study area,and the external transfer of urban agglomerations across the country continued to strengthen from 2017 to 2019.Although the large-scale manufacturing industry transfer to the western region has not yet happened,the industrial transfer is further breaking the geographical distance,breaking the scope of urban agglomeration,and carrying out regional transfer in a larger span.(2)From the perspective of overall impact,the opening of high-speed railway can significantly promote the transfer of regional manufacturing enterprises.This conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests,but its effect shows a certain degree of regional heterogeneity.High-speed railway can significantly promote the transfer of manufacturing industry in eastern and western regions,but has limited promoting effect on the transfer of manufacturing industry in central and northeastern regions.(3)From the perspective of influence mechanism,market accessibility and labor flow are the mechanism by which high-speed rail affects the transfer of manufacturing industry.The improvement of market accessibility and labor mobility can promote the industrial transfer of 220 cities in 19 urban agglomerations.The empirical results based on the market accessibility transmission mechanism show that high-speed rail can promote the transfer of manufacturing industry by improving regional market accessibility.Based on the interaction term model test of labor flow,it is found that labor flow has a positive moderating effect on the impact of high-speed rail on manufacturing industry transfer.