| In order to accommodate the requirement of consistent economic growth and environmental protection,it is inevitable to aggressively utilize new energy interconnection networks containing renewable energy sources.As opposed to traditional energy networks,energy hubs can streamline the sophisticated coupling problems in integrated energy systems through the utilization of advanced conversion,storage and distribution facilities to accomplish dynamic leadership and utilization of energy in hierarchical partitions.Since factors such as meteorological conditions and geographical location cause the emission of renewable energy to be strongly erratic and indeterminable,and integrated demand response can fulfill peak reduction and valley filling effectively by guiding users to adjust their energy consumption behavior,it has significant in the cooperative and optimal configuration and operation of integrated energy systems.Hence,how to use complementary relationships among multiple energy sources to optimal allocate integrated energy systems and improve the efficiency of renewable energy sources has been the major direction of research on integrated energy systems.Based on this,this paper is a preliminary exploration of related topics,specifically related to the following aspects:To begin with,this paper establishes the fundamental framework of a park-level integrated energy system including electric and thermal energy storage,utilizes an energy hub to analyze the coupling relationship of equipment assemblies in the system,and undertakes mathematical modeling and operational properties analysis of the equipment in it.Then,from the angle of load demand response type,an integrated demand response model for electricity and thermal is constructed,which can optimally optimize the electric and thermal load curve according to the real-time electricity price in the power market and lay the foundation for the optimu m allocation of source storage equipment capacity in the integrated energy system.In the next step,to eliminate the uncertainty of circulating wind power and photovoltaic output,the confidence interval method is adopted to derive the typical daily generation curve of distributed scenery output.On this basis,a bi-level optimum allocation model of park source storage capacity that incorporates scenery uncertainty is formulated.The upper layer targets the minimization of total system investment cost and conveys the allocated capacity to the lower layer,while the lower layer targets the minimization of annual system operating cost to evaluate the operating output of the equipment.The bi-level layout model is jointly solved by adaptive particle swarm and CPLEX solver based on YALMIP platform,and simulated with an arithmetic example of a park to be planned.The evaluation results reveal that the optimal configuration model of park source storage capacity which takes into account the scenery uncertainty can optimize the capacity configuration of the system and efficiently minimize the operating cost of the system after the configuration of energy storage.At the end,in order to further minimize the economic expenses of the system and fully leverage the flexibility of demand-side resource dispatching potential,a bi-level optimum allocation model of the park-level source storage capacity that takes into account the electro-thermal integrated demand response is established,with the objective of minimizing the total planning cost and the total system operation cost for the optimal system allocation.This model is solved using nested CPLEX,and the calculation of a park-level integrated energy system to be planned is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of the integrated demand response and the influence of the market price of natural gas on the optimum allocation and operation of the system.The case study results indicate that considering integrated demand response for electricity and thermal energy is an excellent method to minimize the associated costs when optimizing park-level integrated energy systems. |
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