| The Qin and Han dynasties followed the Shang and Zhou dynasties and preceded the Sui and Tang dynasties,and their capital construction was the most innovative period in the history of China’s ancient capital construction,with important historical and cultural value.However,the Qin and Han capitals were characterized by large scale,scattered sites and close combination with urban and rural environments.The integrity of their historical pattern was destroyed in the process of urban and rural construction,which made it difficult to understand the overall pattern of the Qin and Han capitals.From the perspective of territorial space planning requirements,the combination of cultural heritage and natural resources will be the future trend of the historical and cultural protection.The overall recognition and protection of the Qin and Han capital pattern is an important realistic issue,as the premise and important medium for coordinating the integration of urban and rural development and historical and cultural heritage protection.This paper aims to systematically understand the pattern of the qin and Han capitals.From the perspectives of historical archaeology,historical geography and urban and rural planning,this paper analyzes the reasons and development characteristics of the capital pattern of the Qin and Han dynasties,summarizes its value,and puts forward the protection and development strategy of the trans-regional historical and cultural heritage under the background of territorial space planning.Through the analysis of the historical process of "nine capital and eight relocation" of Qin dynasty,it is concluded that the urban construction in the process of the eastward migration of Qin people is the foundation of the formation of Xianyang capital pattern.Through historical research,this paper summarizes the development stages of Xianyang capital pattern,and constructs the Xianyang capital pattern from two spatial levels of city and region.Based on the construction process of Han Chang ’an city,this paper analyzes the concrete performance of "Han inherit Qin system" in the construction of the capital pattern,summarizes the development stages of the capital pattern of Han Chang ’an City,and constructs the capital pattern from the regional and urban spatial levels.This paper analyzes the reasons for the development of the capital pattern in Qin and Han dynasties from the perspectives of politics,nature,economy and culture.Finally,based on the overall cognition of the Qin and Han capitals,the strategy of cross-regional heritage protection and development under the background of territorial space planning is proposed.It is found that the capital pattern of Qin Xianyang has obvious stage characteristics,which is related to the process of the Eastward advance of the Qin people.The urban pattern of Xianyang presents the characteristics of birth and growth.The capital pattern of Xianyang was gradually developed and changed.Taking the period of Emperor Wudi of han dynasty as the demarcation point,the pattern of Han Chang ’an was gradually improved.Physical geography,political situation and economic and cultural development all affected the change of the capital pattern of the Qin and Han dynasties.The Qin and Han dynasties initiated and developed the urban planning concept of landscape city,and formed a capital pattern with multiple elements of nature,city,mausoleum,palace,garden and so on.As important examples of early "Ancient Chinese capital" space,the capital pattern of Qin and Han dynasties still has a great influence on the urban development. |
