| The development of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has inspired extensive research on self-powered sensors.Self-powered sensors not only offer higher mobility,wider distribution,and can even operate wirelessly,but also solve the problem of limited battery life,allowing them to operate continuously and be widely used.In this environment,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)were born.As a green energy device that converts tiny mechanical energy into electrical energy and harvests it,possessing not only excellent mechanical properties,excellent environmental adaptability and outstanding energy harvesting performance,but also using a wide range of materials,simple device structure and easy integration.In recent years,self-powered sensors based on TENGs have been reported as sensing devices for many applications,such as human health monitoring,environmental monitoring,wearable devices,electronic skin,human-machine interface,robotics,and smart transportation and cities.With the rapid growth of many portable electronics,it is crucial to develop high-performance,lightweight and environmentally sustainable energy production and power supply systems.In this paper,two self-powered TENG sensors with different structures and different application scenarios are designed and their feasibility is verified through simulation as well as experimental methods as follows:(1)Here,we propose a novel body-based TENG configuration made of human hair and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)coated carbon cloth.Due to triboelectrification between the hair and the PDMS layer,the output voltage can deliver 1.713 V and 0.377 V in the vertical contact-separation mode and sliding mode,respectively.In addition,a self-powered application based on the hair-based TENG for actively monitoring motion state by comparing the amplitude and frequency of the output voltages has been successfully demonstrated.This study broadens the application of body-based TENGs and provides a promising and feasible strategy for developing smart health monitoring.(2)We design a solid-liquid interface contact separation TENG based on polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)and water,which is cleverly designed to increase the output of the TENG by modifying the glassy carbon electrode to be hydrophilic.When water is used as a triboelectric material,it can be used to collect the energy of water waves and monitor the water level,and when water is used as a transmission medium,it can be used for wireless communication of Morse code.The self-powered water level height monitoring sensor based on this TENGs demonstrates the capability of real-time monitoring,and the Morse code wireless communication sensor achieves high electrical performance,excellent response sensitivity and environmental adaptability. |
