Development Of A 3D Millimeter Wave Beam Control Technology Platform For Autonomous Driving

In order to achieve the vision of low latency and high reliability in the automated driving scene,it is necessary to accelerate the construction of 5G mobile communication systems for autonomous driving using millimeter-wave frequency bands to meet the low-latency and highthroughput requirements.To achieve the high reliability and low latency requirements of three-dimensional(3D)millimeter-wave communication links,it is important to design more efficient and reliable 3D beam search and tracking methods.Therefore,this paper mainly focuses on researching low-latency and high-reliability 3D millimeter-wave beam tracking methods for autonomous driving V2X scenarios,and developing software and hardware verification platforms for 3D millimeter-wave beam tracking algorithms to verify the feasibility of the proposed algorithms.The main contributions of this paper are summarized as follows.(1)A 3D beam selection and tracking algorithm framework based on the assistance of on-board cameras is proposed for complex and changing autonomous driving scenarios.The position information of the receiving vehicle is obtained by the on-board camera,and the camera perception data is converted into the initial beam preset angle.Then,the change characteristics of the 3D beam angle are modeled by the change rate of pitch angle and azimuth angle,in order to characterize the correlation between the motion state of the autonomous driving vehicle and the rapid change of beam angle,thus achieving effective and rapid 3D beam selection.After obtaining the beam preset angle and beam search subspace,the particle filter beam tracking method assisted by camera perception information and vehicle motion state information is used to update particle weights in real-time,and then combined with the received signal power to obtain the best beam angle at the current moment,achieving fast and efficient beam search and tracking.Simulation experiments are conducted,and the proposed beam tracking algorithm is shown to have better performance compared with traditional exhaustive search methods.(2)A millimeter-wave communication hardware platform is designed and constructed,which can effectively achieve the transmission rate of 2.8 Gbps under the premise of satisfying indoor 3D motion scenes.In addition,the average latency of the beam tracking can be controlled within10 ms.