Research On The Planning And Configuration Method Of Electric Heavy Truck Battery-Swapping Station

The scientific planning and investment of electric heavy truck batteryswapping stations is very important to the electrification of heavy trucks.Multiple typical application scenarios of electric heavy truck are studied,and three planning methods of application space electric heavy truck battery-swapping stations and four configuration methods of different types of electric heavy truck batteryswapping stations are proposed.Load forecasting methods are established for four typical application scenarios respectively,and deterministic siting and capacity model and two-stage random siting and capacity model of electric heavy truck battery-swapping stations are established to solve the planning problems of power changing station with different load characteristics.The research work mainly includes the following points:Three key problems in site selection planning,including determination of service scope,generation of waiting site selection and determination of the number range of electric heavy truck battery-swapping stations,are given for linear,planar and public application Spaces.The configuration methods of key equipment,such as battery box,charger,transformer,reactive power compensation,line backup,monitoring and communication system,UPS power supply,etc.of common electric heavy truck battery-swapping stations,grid-friendly station,V2G station and emergency standby stations are proposed,and solutions and ideas are provided for the planning and configuration of electric heavy truck battery-swapping stations.By analyzing the operation mode of four typical application scenarios,the electric heavy trucks load prediction model of four scenarios is established.For the closed scenario with a short construction period,the electricity changing demand of the heavy truck fleet can be directly calculated by using the information such as energy consumption and working time under the working condition of the heavy truck;for the closed scenario with a long construction period,the demand of each discrete demand point can be obtained by using the energy equivalent method.For the short-distance scenario of a single line,the daily electricity changing demand of the heavy truck fleet is calculated by the energy consumption and round-trip course of the heavy truck under working conditions.For the multi-line closed scenario,it is assumed that the power is changed only at both ends of the line,and the battery-swapping demands on the line is evenly divided into two endpoints to obtain the battery-swapping demands.Finally,the validity of the model is verified by simulating a complex closed scenario with a long duration.Based on the method of planning and configuration of electric heavy truck battery-swapping station in Chapter two and and the load characteristics of electric heavy trucks,a deterministic site-and-capacity model was established to minimize the total social cost and consider the constraints of power distribution constraints,distance constraints and battery-swapping demands to optimize site-and-capacity planning for scenarios with small load randomness and uncertainty.The model was solved using PSODE algorithm.For complex scenarios with large load uncertainty,random variables are introduced and a two-stage stochastic programming model is established.The scenario relaxation method and gradient descent method are used to solve the problem.24 hours a day were divided into 288 random scenarios to simulate the daily random load distribution of 265631(491×541)battery-swapping demand points in the region,and K-means clustering method was adopted to reduce the scene.288 scenes were clustered into 8 scene centers to represent the battery-swapping demand distribution,so as to efficiently and accurately find the optimal location and capacity determination scheme.The results of deterministic model and random model are compared to verify the accuracy of the model.