Research On UAV Network Deployment And Trajectory Optimization

Heterogeneous networks with drones as the core are the key to 5G to realize the interconnection of everything,and its flexibility and adaptability make it have broad application prospects.Different from traditional ground communication,the UAV can establish a line-of-sight link by adjusting the relative position with the ground user point to improve the communication quality.In addition,compared with the construction of cellular infrastructure,the deployment of UAV networks is more efficient and less expensive,and can provide fast,flexible and reliable wireless communication for remote areas and emergencies.However,due to the limitation of UAV battery energy,the design of UAV communication system needs to pay more attention to the generation of UAV energy consumption.This paper focuses on the UAV network,and studies the deployment problem of the UAV network and the UAV path planning problem.This paper will analyze the deployment of UAV networks in different scenarios,and use energy efficiency as an evaluation index to explore the maximum total amount of information transmission per unit energy consumption of UAV communication systems under different channel states.First of all,this paper studies the single-user point UAV network communication in the full line-of-sight scenario,starting from the common specific constraint trajectories(straight line flight,circular flight),analyzes and verifies each optimization index(maximum transmission rate,no The rationality of minimizing human-machine energy consumption),and finally determine the optimization index with energy efficiency as the core of this paper,and propose a 2D path planning algorithm for general constrained trajectories in the full line-of-sight scenario,and analyze the effect of flight height on energy efficiency combined with simulation.performance impact.Secondly,building occlusion is introduced into the system to expand the full line-of-sight scene to the non-full line-of-sight scene.Since the exact position,height and number of obstacles are unknown,this paper considers the randomness of line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight.The line-of-sight probability modeling of city types,fitting the relationship curve between the line-of-sight probability and the pitch angle of the UAV and the user point,and deriving the average energy efficiency based on the line-of-sight probability in the non-full line-of-sight scenario,using the average energy efficiency As the core optimization index,a 3D path planning algorithm based on line-of-sight probability is proposed for the dense city type in the non-full-line-of-sight scenario,and the influence of different channel states on the energy efficiency performance is analyzed combined with simulation.Finally,this paper also refines the research scope of the nonfull line-of-sight scene into a Beijing-type complex area multi-user point scene.In this system,this paper deploys the UAV wireless sensor network according to the type of environment,that is,a UAV needs to Relay forwarding for multiple ground user points,and real-time channel status between UAV and ground user points can be obtained through sensors.Therefore,this paper proposes an offline-online hybrid path planning algorithm.In the offline stage,relay selection,horizontal path,and vertical path optimization are performed based on the line-of-sight probability.In the online stage,the UAV is based on the optimal trajectory of the offline stage,combined with real-time channel status.The secondary relay selection and flight speed optimization are carried out,and the excellent performance of the hybrid path planning algorithm in energy efficiency and time utilization is simulated and verified.To sum up,this paper conducts a systematic study of UAV network deployment and UAV path planning in different scenarios,which helps to improve energy efficiency and provides effective support for its practical application.