The Analysis Of Driver Lumbar Spine Injury And Seat Optimization Based On Biomechanics

The safety of vehicle occupant has been paid more and more attention,but the risk of lumbar injury has been ignored for a long time.In addition to lumbago,the incidence of lumbar fractures in frontal crashes has increased in recent years.At present,there is no systematic research on the driver’s lumbar spine injury at home and abroad.The research in this area is helpful to fill in the blank and reduce the risk of driver’s injury,which has extremely high theoretical and practical significance.In this paper,the mechanism of driver lumbar injury and the influence of occupant restraint system on the risk of driver lumbar injury were analyzed by studying the kinematic and biomechanical responses of driver under frontal crashes and whole body vibration conditions.Combined with the simulation results,appropriate lumbar injury risk indicators were selected to study the impact of seat related parameters on the risk of lumbar injury of drivers,and corresponding improvement measures were proposed.The specific research methods and contents are as follows:(1)Based on the high-precision lumbar spine structure of the THUMS human model,the real material properties of the lumbar spine were given,and the improved lumbar spine was verified.(2)The existing cockpit model was optimized,followed by THUMS human-seat coupling,and the coupled model was verified.(3)Vehicle to vehicle crash simulation and pulse road ride simulation were carried out to obtain the seat acceleration under frontal crash and whole body vibration conditions,and the acceleration was loaded into the coupled model to analyze the mechanism and risk factors of the driver lumbar injury.(4)Based on the simulation results of frontal crash and whole body vibration conditions,the influence of seat parameters on the risk of driver lumbar injury was studied,and the seat parameter scheme was proposed to reduce the risk of driver lumbar injury.The results of this paper show: The optimized THUMS lumbar spine model has realistic biomechanical properties,and the human-seat coupling model can generate real kinematic and biomechanical responses.In frontal crash,the risk of lumbar injury mainly comes from the flexion of lumbar vertebrae caused by horizontal acceleration.However,the vertical acceleration transmitted from the seat to the human body due to the lifting of the front of the vehicle in frontal crash will increase the axial load on the lumbar vertebrae to a considerable extent and aggravate the risk of lumbar vertebrae injury of the occupant.In the whole body vibration condition,due to the sitting position of the human body,the lumbar vertebra will be extended backward,and the weak fibrous annulus at the back of the lumbar disc will be compressed.Under the cyclic load,with degeneration of the disc,the lumbar spine is prone to disc herniation.The optimal combination of seat parameters was obtained through orthogonal test,and the corresponding risk index was reduced by 15.63% and 17.89% respectively under two working conditions,which could effectively reduce the risk of lumbar injury of the occupant.The data and conclusions of this study can fill in the theoretical gap of driver lumbar injury in the existing automobile safety collision regulations,and provide valuable reference for the design of car seats with better protection performance.