Research On Passive Design Strategy Of Lightweight Zero Energy Solar Residential Buildings

Although countries around the world have made every effort to explore the path of energy conservation and carbon reduction,it is still difficult to achieve the 2°C temperature control requirement.The construction industry accounts for nearly 40%of global carbon emissions,of which at least 1/3 comes from residential buildings.The construction industry urgently needs to seek an era of balancing energy production and consumption.Lightweight housing based on solar energy production provides new ideas for energy conservation and carbon reduction,but if it is compensated by high mechanical maintenance costs or long construction periods,the damage to ecological environment will not only be worse but also affect the social environment.For this reason,researchers at home and abroad have gradually realized the consumption-reducing significance of passive design,which has been passed down for many years and utilized nature according to local conditions.To achieve net zero energy or even high up to positive,efforts should be made towards the premise of optimizing passive design and the improvement of active technology advancement.The Solar Decathlon competition,as a world-renowned competition for the construction of lightweight solar residential buildings,provides a platform for universities around the world to achieve zero energy.This paper mainly focuses on the63 lightweight solar houses of the four solar decathlon competition from 2011 to 2017,and analyzes the passive design strategy from competition and design aspect.Firstly,the concept of zero-energy house and the use of renewable energy is expounded.The definition and type of lightweight house,and the application prospect of zero-energy house are summarized.Secondly,the SPSS Software is used to analyze the impact of the sub-items on the total score of the competition,which is served to selected the passive design evaluation indicators.The three sub-items which have a greater impact on the total score are Architecture,Comfort Zone,and Energy Balance.Considering the importance and lack of climate analysis for passive design analysis and decathletes,the weather data of the three competition site which includes National Mall,West Potomac Park,Washington,D.C.;Orange County Great Park,Irvine,California;61^st&Pena Station,Denver,Colorado are collected.Climate Consultant software is used to analyze the local temperature and humidity,sun shading and psychrometric chart,and the effective time proportion of passive design strategy is initially obtained;The passive design research process is formulated,and the energy consumption data based on PV panel is calculated.Finally,from a qualitative point of view,the design characteristics of passive design strategies such as envelope type,shape type,functional distribution,thermal buffer type,and shading type in the SD competition are summarized;From a quantitative point of view,the correlation between building design parameters such as aspect ratio,shape coefficient,envelope thermal coefficient,and south-facing window-to-floor ratio,and the daily average energy consumption,temperature standard deviation,are putting into the fitted regression equation to be analyzed.The relationship between the shape coefficient and the comfort zone was preliminarily excluded（no correlation）,and the relationship between the envelope thermal coefficient,south-facing window-to-floor ratio and the comfort zone（no correlation）was excluded.Finally,passive design suggestions and design parameter ranges are summarized.This paper provides a design optimization proposal for passive design in hot summer and cold winter areas from the multi-disciplinary integration of climatology and statistics.On one hand,this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the competition system,ranking and scoring results data for decathletes,on the other hand,the design optimization is also worthy of reference in the application of renewable energy utilization and passive design strategies in domestic prefabricated lightweight residential buildings.