Design And Research Of Small Unpowered Abyss Underwater Glider

After entering the 21 st century,as human beings continue to understand and explore the ocean,the exploration of the abyssal seas has become one of the hot research fields today.As an effective means of ocean observation,underwater gliders have played a very important role in deep sea exploration.Among them,the abyss glider is expected to become an ideal carrier for abyss exploration due to its long battery life,low manufacturing cost,low energy consumption,and large operating range.The current abyss exploration equipment is mainly manned submersible and unmanned autonomous submersible,but its size and mass are relatively large,the scope of operation is limited,and the safety and reliability of equipment are low.Therefore,based on the working principle of underwater gliders,this paper developed a small unpowered abyss glider,which is used as a platform for various detection sensors to observe the abyss sea area.The high pressure of the abyssal sea water puts forward high requirements on the performance of each component of the glider.This article redesigns the heavy buoyancy adjustment system of the equipment on the basis of ensuring that the abyss glider ensures the realization of the basic functions,and completes the functional equivalent replacement.At the same time,the size and mass of the glider is greatly reduced,and the flexibility and maneuverability are improved.Through unit tests and deep-sea experiments,the effectiveness of the prototype function is verified.The main research content and results of this paper are as follows:(1)Integrating the design theory of traditional underwater gliders,the design scheme and overall structure design of a small unpowered abyss glider was determined to meet the requirements of large depth and large-scale ocean exploration.The prototype design configuration of the single-stage pressure cabin is proposed,and the buoyancy adjustment system of the traditional glider is replaced with a new type of heavy buoyancy adjustment structure,which streamlines the internal structure of the glider and reduces the size of the glider.The sea trial dive depth is close to 8000 m.(2)It is determined that silicon carbide ceramic is used as the material of the cylindrical shell of the pressure chamber,and the structure of the pressure chamber in which the cylindrical shell of silicon carbide ceramic and the hemispherical aluminum alloy head is assembled and sealed.Due to the high specific strength and specific rigidity of silicon carbide ceramics,under the same pressure conditions,the rearrangement ratio of the new shell is better than that of the metal shell.After the pressure test,the cabin can withstand the maximum pressure of 120 MPa,which meets the requirements of the abyss working condition.(3)A new type of heavy buoyancy adjustment system is designed by abandoning floats and heavy objects to replace the traditional underwater glider’s oil return type buoyancy adjustment system.While streamlining the structure and reducing the volume,it increases the safety of the buoyancy adjustment system and ensures The effectiveness of its function realization.The compressibility of the material under seawater pressure is introduced,and the buoyancy compensation value of the abyss glider changes with the diving depth is determined through the equivalent density model,which solves the problem of the abyss glider diving or ascent delay caused by the change of buoyancy during the movement.