Research On 4D Track Prediction Algorithm Based On Spline Theory

Track prediction is the basis of various application technologies in the field of civil aviation.The high-precision four-dimensional track prediction of aircraft is the key to the automation of air traffic control.High precision four-dimensional track prediction can not only improve the utilization of airspace resources and ensure the safety of aviation flight,but also reduce the workload of controllers and help air traffic control departments formulate more reasonable flight plans.Based on the local properties of B-spline function and its flexibility in spatial curve generation,and according to the characteristics of equal time interval of track data,spatial B-spline curve fitting is applied to four-dimensional track prediction,and new solutions are proposed for static track prediction and dynamic track correction.The main work includes:The first part summarizes the mainstream prediction methods and their advantages and disadvantages.The track prediction methods can be divided into three categories,including the prediction algorithm based on particle motion,the prediction algorithm based on hybrid estimation and the prediction algorithm based on machine learning.In the second part,a static track prediction algorithm is proposed.The algorithm includes nominal track extraction algorithm and static track prediction based on track expression.Firstly,the framework of nominal track extraction algorithm is given,and the nominal track is extracted by dynamic time warping algorithm.Then construct the B-spline curve,parameterize the chord length of the track points,construct the least squares objective function,inverse solve the control vertex of the track fitting curve,and give the track expression combined with the cubic uniform B-spline basis function.Finally,static track prediction algorithm based on track expression is proposed to predict the time of flight crossing waypoints.The experimental simulation results can control the prediction error within 1 min.In the third part,a dynamic track correction prediction algorithm is proposed.Firstly,the convex polygon of the thunderstorm area is drawn,and the fixed angle circumscribed rectangle of the convex polygon is constructed to ensure compliance with the constraints of turning angle and safety performance.Then the condition of smooth splicing of B-spline curve is applied to track splicing,and the circumscribed B-spline curve of the circumscribed rectangular and spliced B-spline curve are constructed.According to the track correction rules,the control vertex of B-spline curve is extracted as the position of new waypoints in the process of track correction.Finally,an example simulation is carried out based on the real historical track data from Shanghai Hongqiao Airport to Beijing Capital Airport.The corrected track distance is increased by 2.5%,six waypoints are added,and the average turning angle is controlled at 46.88°,which meets the requirements of track correction,and verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm.Figure 30;Table 20;Reference 58...