Adaptive Planning Of Green Space Layout To Landscape Patterns In Mountainous Counties Of Southern Henan

In recent years,mountainous cities have achieved rapid economic development in china,and their "Quantity over quality" urban expansion has caused serious damage to the mountain ecological environment and natural resources,and this phenomenon is especially prominent in mountainous counties.Mountainous counties blindly plagiarized the urban green space planning theories and methods from the plain and large cities in green space construction for lacking of systematic green space construction theoretical guidance,while ignoring the natural landscape texture and local ecological environment.The unrestrained occupation of mountains and encroachment on natural ecological green space led to the destruction of the original natural landscape pattern,and the layout of urban green space failed to adapt to the needs of urban development.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out scientific and reasonable planning and design for the layout of green space in mountainous counties,so as to regulate the relationship between artificial and natural landscape environment,and to realize the healthy and sustainable development of mountainous counties.This paper took Xin,Nanzhao,Tongbai and Neixiang counties in the south of Henan Province as the research objects,which were typical mountainous counties with different landscape pattern characteristics.By analyzing and summarizing the current characteristics of the landscape pattern of each study area,and its influence on the layout of green space,we found out the existing problems of the study area.Based on the actual situation and existing problems,we selected 10 influencing factors,such as elevation,slope and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)to evaluate the suitability of green space in each study area,so as to determine the areas suitable for green space construction and with important ecological protection value.Finally,according to the evaluation results and the existing problems,we put forward the adaptive planning and design strategy of the green space layout of the mountainous county seat in the south of Henan Province,and we selected the heartland of Tongbai County to carry out the concrete green space layout adaptive planning practice.The main contents and conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)There were still many problems in the construction of green spaces in the study areas: The counties were blessed with abundant natural environmental resources due to their mountainous environment,but the construction of green spaces had not made effective use of them.Extensive mountain reclamation had sharpen the contradictions between the counties and natural environment.The original natural landscape pattern and the ecological environment both had been threatened;In the built-up area,there were topographical spaces that were difficult to carry out architectural development.The spaces were not fully integrated with the construction of park green space and therefore the spaces were not fully used;The existing green space vegetation structure was relatively single,lacking of three-dimensional greening landscape.In conclusion,there is an urgent need for scientific planning and design of green space layout to improve urban green space’s adaptability to the natural ecological environment.(2)The results of green space suitability evaluation in each study area showed some common characteristics.The results showed that the proportion of suitable area in each study area was the highest,accounting for 34.83% in Xin County,31.92% in Tongbai County,28.18% in Nanzhao County,and 27.67% in Neixiang county respectively.In each study area,the proportions of the area of high-suitable areas(most suitable,suitable)were all higher than 40% of the total area,which indicated that the study area of four counties located in different mountain landform environments all had good environment and construction conditions.The distribution of various types of suitable areas in different counties also had certain common characteristics.In each study area,mountains and water systems were mostly the most suitable and suitable area due to their good vegetation conditions,indicating that the mountain and water elements should be protected as the important area of green space construction;The basically suitable area was mostly distributed around the built-up area and at the foot of the hill,which was a concentrated area where the contradiction between county development and natural environment was stimulated,and the green space construction and restoration should be carried out in the suitable area with serious damage around the foothills.The unsuitable area and the most unsuitable area were mostly building and water space,which were not suitable for secondary development.(3)The planning and design strategy of green space layout adapting to landscape pattern in southern Henan mountainous counties should focus on the following aspects: Take the protection of important mountain green space as the ecological core,and rely on the natural landscape skeleton to carry out the overall layout structure planning of green space.Natural landscape resources such as mountain terrain and river system should be used to arrange patches and corridors,and we need to protect and adjust the overall environmental matrix,and make overall planning for green space elements.The layout of green space and the selection of vegetation should fully adapt to the micro-terrain space environment,and the landscape pattern of natural landscape should also be used to design the landscape sight.(4)Based on the research results of this paper,we took the heartland of Tongbai County as the research object,to carry out the adaptation planning and design of green space layout from three levels: macro overall layout planning,meso patch-corridor-matrix coordination,micro layout form and landscape sight design.At the macro level,the overall green space layout structure of "one belt,three wedges,five cores,six corridors and many gardens" was constructed from the perspective of protecting landscape pattern and matching the landscape landforms;At the meso-level,the construction of park green space,the distribution of waterfront corridor,and the conservation of mountain,forest and field matrix were planned and adjusted from the perspective of promoting the organic integration of artificial green space and landscape ecological environment;at the micro level,the design was mainly carried out from the layout form,plant configuration,landscape sight line and other aspects,so as to improve the adaptability of the terrain space and landscape expression of green space to the landscape environment.Through the practice of the above strategies,we expect to achieve the goal of green space layout in structure,ecology,form and landscape to adapt to the landscape pattern.