| In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy,the number of urban family cars has also increased rapidly,and cars have become the main means of transportation for urban residents.The increase of car ownership makes energy shortage,exhaust pollution and other problems increasingly serious.Electric vehicles with the characteristics of "zero pollution" and "high energy conversion rate" can reduce both air pollution and energy shortage,so the development of electric vehicles has attracted extensive attention from all walks of life.As the electric vehicle industry is just emerging,the development of battery technology is still relatively lagging behind,and the battery capacity cannot guarantee long-distance driving,coupled with insufficient charging infrastructure,long waiting and charging time,unreasonable distribution of charging facilities and other problems,many people have anxiety about endurance,which limits the development of electric vehicles.Therefore,the location of charging stations should be reasonably arranged to ensure the charging service of electric vehicles,reduce people’s concerns about the electric power problem of electric vehicles,and thus promote the transformation of urban transportation tools from traditional fuel vehicles to electric vehicles.Based on the above background,this paper conducts the following research on the site selection and capacity determination of urban electric vehicle charging stations:(1)This paper describes the development status of electric vehicles,and introduces the types,advantages and disadvantages,and scope of application of different electric vehicles and charging modes.Analyze the impact of user demand,service and business model,urban overall planning,and power grid security on the location of charging stations,and provide a theoretical basis for establishing the location model of electric vehicles.(2)This paper discusses the design of decentralized charging pile.The ratio of fast and slow charging devices of electric vehicles is predicted by the user demand theory.Based on the user’s tolerance to the remaining SOC(State Of Charge),the charging demand function is fitted to calculate the ratio of low-speed charging to electric vehicles.The configuration proportion of fast and slow charging is evaluated according to whether the low-speed charging pile can meet the needs of electric vehicles.(3)This paper discusses the location and capacity determination of centralized electric vehicle charging station.Combined with the factors affecting the location and layout of electric vehicle charging stations and the principle of road network simplification,a location model is established with the goal of minimizing the product of the charging demand at each road network node and the distance between charging stations.The immune algorithm is used to solve the model to obtain the location and capacity of charging stations.Finally,the effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified by an example,which provides a theoretical basis for the location and layout of urban electric vehicle charging stations. |
