Research And Implementation Of Two Dimensional Sheet Metal Layout Algorithm For Intelligent Factory Application

Two dimensional sheet metal layout problem is to arrange a given number of parts with different specifications on the specified sheet metal based on certain constraints,and find a better layout in the process of layout,so as to maximize the use of sheet metal.Two dimensional layout problem is widely used in automobile parts processing,garment cutting,machinery manufacturing and other industries.It is a key link of industrial production and manufacturing.On the one hand,there will be problems such as low layout efficiency and waste of raw materials in the process of factory production and manufacturing;On the other hand,layout problem is a typical combinatorial optimization problem with high computational complexity.Therefore,the research and design of efficient layout algorithm has very important theoretical and practical significance.Aiming at the actual scene of factory production,this paper makes the following research on the optimization of part layout under two-dimensional plate:(1)The goal of two-dimensional plate layout problem is to maximize the utilization of plates,that is,to use the least plates under the condition of producing the same parts.In the layout process,the parts cannot cross,overlap or exceed the boundary of plates.Based on the above constraints,the mathematical model of plate layout is constructed.(2)In the two-dimensional regular part layout,taking the rectangular part layout as an example,based on the rectangular part’s own information and the traditional residual rectangle algorithm,this paper proposes an optimal layout algorithm based on the compactness value of the maximum matching residual rectangle.Select the appropriate rectangular parts to discharge through the maximum matching remaining rectangle,introduce the comparison between rotation and maximum tightness value in the discharge process,rotate the rectangular parts that cannot be discharged into the lowest horizontal line,and select the most appropriate discharge position and method of the maximum tightness value to place the rectangular parts,so as to improve the utilization rate of the plate.Through the benchmark problem experiment,it is verified that the rectangular part layout optimization algorithm proposed in this paper can make full use of the plate,has strong stability,and better meets the requirements of actual production.(3)Aiming at the problem of irregular parts layout under two-dimensional plate,the layout of irregular parts is more common in industrial manufacturing,but the shapes of irregular parts are complex and diverse,and the collision detection in the layout process increases the difficulty,resulting in the defects of low raw material utilization or high computational complexity in the two-dimensional irregular parts layout method.In order to make up for the above shortcomings,firstly,according to the characteristics of irregular parts,based on the symmetry of similar complementary combination,the filling process in the combined hole can be realized as much as possible,and the parts are preprocessed.Then,ant colony tabu search and other hybrid algorithms are used to layout the pretreated parts,and the optimal layout scheme is obtained through continuous iterative optimization.The benchmark problem experiment shows that the hybrid layout optimization algorithm can greatly improve the utilization of plate,improve the timeliness of layout algorithm,and better meet the needs of actual production.