Research On The Optimization Design Of Daylighting In The Waiting Room Of Railway Station In Cold Area Under The Guidance Of Low Energy Consumption

With the development and construction of China’s railway,the number of large and oversize railway stations is also increasing.At the same time,many railway stations have been renovated and expanded.As the transportation hub of the city,the oversize railway station is often the landmark of the city.Different from other buildings,the oversize railway station is a typical building with large space and large depth.In addition,it needs to operate 24 hours a year,with a large passenger flow and huge energy consumption.Through the investigation,it is found that in order to have a transparent facade effect of the railway station,and at the same time make the passengers have a better visual experience,the waiting room of the railway station often adopts a large number of glass curtain wall and large area of roof Windows.Doing so can improve indoor natural lighting effect not only,and still can save a part to make up for the lighting energy consumption that natural lighting inadequacy brings.But the thermal property of vitreous material is poorer,the glass window of large area can increase the heat exchange inside and outside,can increase the energy consumption of heating and refrigeration greatly so.The subject comes from the Science and Technology Project of The Education Department of Liaoning Province:Study on Simulation and Optimization of the Spatial Form Design of Large Railway Stations in Liaoning under the goal of low energy Consumption(LNJC201902)Under this background,this paper takes the waiting space of super large railway station in cold region as the research object,and studies the influence of different window opening forms and window opening areas on energy consumption and natural lighting.Through the method of experimental simulation and data analysis,the influence law of the form and proportion of window opening on natural lighting and energy consumption was explored,and the optimal design parameter set was found,so as to explore the optimal design of natural lighting for super large railway station in cold region under the target of low energy consumption.Firstly,through a lot of field research and literature reading,information collection was conducted on the design parameters of extremely large railway stations in cold regions,and the spatial morphology,spatial scale,characteristics of containment system and operation characteristics were summarized.The architectural characteristics and energy use characteristics of railway station in cold region are analyzed.On this basis,the typical space model of the waiting hall of the oversize railway station in the cold region is built and simplified to form the basic experimental model.Then a univariate simulation experiment was carried out to simulate the influence of different window openings and different window openings on natural lighting and energy consumption.Through the analysis of simulation data,the influence rules of different window opening forms and window opening areas on natural lighting and energy consumption are obtained,and expressed by linear equation.At the same time,the influence degree of different window opening forms on natural lighting and energy consumption was compared and analyzed through a number of experiments,so as to give priority to the window opening forms with greater influence in the early stage of design.Then,according to the multivariate experiment,the combination mode of window opening that meets the natural lighting standard is obtained,and the energy consumption is ranked.Through the control of energy consumption,the combination form of window opening which not only meets the requirements of natural lighting but also saves energy is obtained.Combined with the actual design situation,the optimal design parameters group is proposed to provide reference for the design of the waiting hall of the oversize railway station in the cold region.This article through to the railway station cold region oversize someplace different window form,area and natural lighting and quantitative analysis of energy consumption,can greatly improve the early stage of the architectural design for the efficiency of natural lighting and energy-saving design,and through the simulation experiments of multivariate concluded that the optimum combination parameter set that open a window,provide a reference for large-sized cold region railway station waiting area design,simplify the design of cold region oversize railway station waiting area open a window of the process.