Preparation Of Functionalized Polymers Of Intrinsic Microporosity And Their Applications In Energy And Environment

Self-microporous polymers are widely used in gas separation membranes and other fields because of their highly distorted structure,high specific surface area,and good film-forming properties.Due to the rapid development of waterproof and breathable membranes in medical protection,seawater desalination,sportswear,aerospace and other directions,as well as the excellent hydrophobic properties of self-microporous polymers,the preparation of waterproof and breathable membranes from non-fluorinated self-microporous polymers has become a hot topic of research,while the use of fossil fuels such as petroleum,natural resources reduction,atmospheric pollution,the ozone layer hole,sea level rise is becoming more and more serious,as well as the concept of carbon neutrality and the development of solar thermal storage fuels.As well as the concept of carbon neutrality,the development and utilization of solar thermal storage fuel has become one of the hot topics.Therefore,it is of great practical importance to investigate the use of self-microporous polymers in the direction of fluorine-free waterproof and breathable nanofiber membranes and solar thermal storage fuels.In this paper,the preparation of functionalized self-microporous polymers and their applications in energy and environment have been studied with certain results,as follows:（1）PIM-DMBP self-contained microporous polymer was synthesized and processed using electrostatic spinning.By optimizing the processing process,the parameters of a production process for the preparation of nanofiber membranes with uniform fiber diameters were obtained.The polymer has hydrophobic functional groups based on benzene rings and hydrogen bonds,which make the fiber membranes hydrophobic,rigid backbones,which increase their heat resistance,and a fiber stacking structure,which increases their air permeability.And the fiber membrane is a fluorine-free material,which plays a friendly role to the environment,and can be formed in one step by raw liquid spinning,which brings convenience for industrial production.The hydrostatic pressure resistance is 88.7 k Pa,the water vapor transmission rate is 11.2 kg m^-2 d^-1,and the heat resistance temperature is up to 200℃,reaching the level of fluorine-containing materials.（2）Azo-Br containing azo group was grafted onto trivalent nitrogen by quaternization on PDAT ladder polymer synthesized by tiger base method to prepare solar fuel cells.By using DSC,infrared thermal imaging,UV-VIS and other methods,it is confirmed that the grafted polymer has the characteristics of solar cell fuel,with energy density up to 180.2 J g^-1 and energy storage capacity up to 272.1 KJ mol^-1.In addition,Azo-MTLE,a polymer with low specific surface area,and a small molecular structure similar to Azo-DDM and polymer repeating unit,are also prepared by the same method,which verifies that the improvement of energy density and energy storage capacity is due to the main chain structure of the polymer,Cation-πis related to microporous structure.