Optimization Of National Spatial Structure Based On Ecological Security Pattern

In recent years,the rapid agglomeration of industrialization and urbanization factors in China has led to a complex structure of national territorial space.Due to the indiscriminate exploitation and utilization of national territorial space in some local areas,problems such as ecological environment damage and energy resource waste frequently occur.Optimizing the structure of national territorial space to achieve coordinated development among ecology,economy,and society has become a hot topic in the field of national territorial management and planning.Against the background of building an ecological civilization and a beautiful China,the optimization of the structure of national territorial space based on the pattern of ecological security has become an important practical exploration in the research field of national territorial space.Promoting the balanced development of national territorial exploitation and protection is of great significance for maintaining a benign interaction between economic development and ecological protection and improving the overall quality of national territorial space.As the capital city of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,the continuous expansion of urban land in Hohhot has led to changes in the spatial structure of the land and the ecological environment,posing a threat to regional ecological security.This study,based on the concept of ecological civilization construction,focuses on Hohhot City as the research area to analyze the characteristics of changes in the city’s land spatial structure from 1990 to 2020 and its impact on habitat quality.The MSPA-In VEST model and the least-cost path model are used to identify ecological source areas and ecological corridors and to construct an ecological security pattern.The PLUS model is employed to simulate the land spatial structure of the ecological security pattern scenario in 2030 and propose optimization suggestions.This research presents a theoretical and technical framework for the study of the coupled optimization of ecological security pattern and land expansion simulation under scenario planning,and establishes a technical methodology system for ecological security pattern construction,integrating interdisciplinary collaboration,multi-source data processing,and multiple model integration.It has practical and exploratory value in the field of current land spatial management and planning,and is of great significance for promoting ecological civilization construction and achieving the goal of building a beautiful China.The main conclusions obtained during the research period are as follows:(1)Regarding the characteristics of changes in the structure of national territorial space,the agricultural production space in the research area first expanded and then shrunk,while the industrial production and urban living space continued to expand with high intensity.Meanwhile,the ecological space area decreased rapidly.From the perspective of landscape pattern,the overall landscape connectivity and dominance in the research area decreased,while the landscape fragmentation and diversity continued to increase.(2)The impact of changes in the structure of national territorial space on habitat quality in the research area showed an overall decline,with lower quality habitats being dominant in spatial distribution.Low-grade habitats were concentrated in the urban area and expanded outward,and the degradation of habitat quality has affected the surrounding areas.The changes in the structure of national territorial space in the areas where habitat quality declined were relatively frequent,while the transfer of national territorial space structure in the areas where habitat quality improved was relatively limited.(3)In terms of ecological security pattern,78 ecological source areas were identified in the study area,mainly including forest,grassland,and water ecological spaces;187 ecological corridors and 28 potential ecological corridors were extracted,mostly passing through forest,grassland,and water ecological spaces.The proportion of each subzone in the ecological security pattern was 23.97% for ecological conservation areas,46.27% for ecological expansion areas,19.11% for ecological transition areas,and 10.65% for ecological protection areas.Agricultural production spaces were found in the ecological conservation areas,and there were few forest ecological spaces in the ecological protection areas,indicating a lack of coordination.(4)In terms of the simulation of land spatial structure,the PLUS model was used to simulate the land spatial structure in 2023 under the ecological security scenario.The results showed that the industrial and mining production space decreased significantly,and the reduction rate of ecological space slowed down with weaker intensity.Comparing with the overall plan of land spatial planning in Hohhot,the simulated development direction and spatial layout are highly consistent with the plan.Based on these findings,some suggestions for optimizing the land spatial structure were proposed,including strictly limiting the outward expansion of urban space,emphasizing the agglomeration of production space and promoting intensive development,controlling the intensity of development,strengthening the management and protection of ecological construction and ecological space,and enhancing the ecological restoration.