Synthesis Of Single-Atom Nanozyme And Its Application In Biomedicine

Single-atom catalysts（SACs）have gained considerable attention as catalysts in the biomedical field due to their exceptional catalytic activity and selectivity.SACs refer to catalysts in which individual metal atoms are dispersed and immobilized on the surface of a carrier.These metal atoms are typically fixed onto materials with high surface areas,forming single-atom active centers.Using catalysts with single-atom dispersion results in a very high utilization efficiency of the metal（theoretically up to 100%）,leading to higher catalytic activity compared to catalysts with the same metal mass.While SACs have been widely studied as homogeneous catalysts in chemical catalysis,their application in enzyme catalysis remains limited.Therefore,this paper proposes a simple and effective method to construct a single-atom platinum-loaded porous carbon nanoparticle nanoenzyme material and explores its potential applications in the biomedical field.The specific research work is as follows:（1）A Pt single-atom nanoenzyme Pt₁/CNCs based on carbon nanocages（CNCs）was prepared using an impregnation method,and its catalytic activity as a peroxidase mimic was investigated.The effects of factors such as temperature,p H,and substrate concentration on the peroxidase-like activity of Pt₁/CNCs were systematically studied to optimize the single-atom platinum catalyst material.Utilizing the peroxidase-like activity of Pt₁/CNCs,combined with computer image recognition,a new method for the detection of substance concentrations such as hydrogen peroxide,glucose,and vitamin C was proposed.This study not only expands the application of Pt₁/CNCs in the field of biosensing,but also provides new ideas for developing more precise and efficient biosensing detection technology.（3）A nanodrug delivery system was constructed using Pt₁/CNCs as the catalyst,and the performance of inducing active oxygen production by single platinum under electric field was studied to explore the application of the catalyst in electrodynamic tumor therapy.The external factors such as the strength of the applied electric field,the application time,and the alternating frequency of the electric current were systematically studied for their effects on the water decomposition catalytic performance of Pt₁/CNCs and the production of ROS,and the optimal electric field driving conditions were optimized.Cell and animal models were established to explore the electrodynamic therapy effect of Pt₁/CNCs.The results showed that Pt₁/CNCs can efficiently decompose water to produce active oxygen under electrodynamic stimulation and showed good therapeutic effect.This study provides a new idea and experimental basis for the application of Pt₁/CNCs catalyst in electrodynamic tumor therapy,which is expected to provide a new and efficient treatment method for electrodynamic tumor therapy.Moreover,this study also has reference value for the application of Pt₁/CNCs in other biomedical fields.