Accumulation Of Environmental Pollutants In Finless Porpoise In The Lower Reaches Of The Yangtze River

Persistent pollutant is the focus of the current environmental sciences chemical pollutants,due to its durability,fat soluble and easy biological accumulation and the characteristics of long distance migration,a serious threat to the ecological environment and biological health,thus become the global research in the field of environmental science and engineering need governance of "the third generation of pollutants.Neophena asiaeorientalis is the top consumer of the water ecosystem of the Yangtze River.Moreover,it is rich in subsurface fat,and persistent pollutants are easily enriched in its body through the food chain,thus having adverse effects on its physiological functions,survival and reproduction.Therefore,the study on the distribution and accumulation of persistent pollutants in finless porpoise can assess the health status of finless porpoise,grasp the quality of its habitat environment,and provide support for habitat protection of finless porpoise and tracing the source of dead individuals in the wild.This paper takes 5 Yangtze finless porpoise dead in the Yangtze river downstream as the research object,using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry(ICP-MS),gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and ultraperformance liquid chromatography(UPLC-MS),and heart,kidney,lung,liver,muscle,skin,fat,stomach and intestinal tissue samples of heavy metal,POPs and antibiotic concentration level and accumulation rules are studied.The main research results of this paper are as follows:1.The contents of 14 heavy metals(K,Ca,Na,Mg,Co,Fe,Cu,Zn,Mn,Pb,Cd,Hg,As and Cr)in the tissues of the Yangtze finless porpoise in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River were determined.The contents of major elements in the tissues of the Yangtze finless porpoise in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River were in the order of K > Na > Ca > Mg dry weight.Necessary trace elements content in order to Fe > Zn >Mn > Cu > Cr > Co.The order of non-essential trace elements content was Pb>Hg >Cd>As.The average contents of elements in heart,kidney and stomach were the highest,while the contents in fat and muscle were the lowest.The average contents of Ca and Cr in males were significantly higher than those in females(p<0.05),the average contents of K,Ca,Na and Mg in Poyang Lake individuals were significantly higher than those in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River individuals(p<0.05),and the average contents of Hg and As in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River individuals were significantly higher than those in Poyang Lake individuals.2.The detection results of two kinds of antibiotics(sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones)in the tissues of the Yangtze finless porpoise in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River showed that the overall variation range of the two antibiotics in the tissues of the Yangtze finless porpoise was 0-16.74ng/g and 0-340.95ng/g,respectively.Sulfa antibiotics were highest in fat and lowest in lung.The content of fluoroquinolones was the highest in liver,followed by kidney and the lowest in lung.3.The results of the detection of three POPs(HCH,DDT and PCBs)in the tissues of the Yangtze finless porpoise in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River showed that the overall variation ranges of HCH,DDT and PCBs in the tissues of the Yangtze finless porpoise were 0-0.31 μg/g,0-19.57 μg/g and 0-1.23 μg/g,respectively.The content of HCH was the highest in fat and the lowest in kidney.The highest content of DDT was found in skin and the lowest in intestine.The content of PCBs was the highest in skin and the lowest in lung.The contents of three POPs in male sample group were all higher than that in female sample group.There was no correlation between the age of POPs in different age groups.The sample content of DDT and PCBs in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River group was higher than that in the Poyang Lake group,while the sample content of HCH was the opposite.The results showed that the accumulation of environmental pollutants in the Yangtze finless porpoise and its tissues was correlated with its physiological characteristics and living environment differences.The results of this study could provide research materials for the future health assessment,individual source tracing and habitat assessment of the Yangtze finless porpoise in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.