Study On The Construction And Optimization Of Ecological Corridors In The Main Urban Area Of Fuzhou

With the accelerated urbanization process in recent years,the continuous expansion of construction land has deepened the fragmentation of urban landscapes,causing a series of ecological and environmental problems such as heat island effect,urban waterlogging and air pollution,which have also become constraints to urbanization construction.As a linear ecological resource,urban ecological corridors play an important role in maintaining regional ecological environment and promoting urban biodiversity.Therefore,the construction of ecological corridors in the main urban area of Fuzhou is of great significance to improve the fragmented green landscape of the city.This study takes the main urban area of Fuzhou as the research object,and explores a way to identify urban ecological corridor nodes based on landscape structure and ecological function,and elucidates the influence mechanisms affecting the spatial pattern distribution of ecological corridors from the perspectives of landscape resource distribution,human activity interference and topographic features,and then explores the method of ecological corridor construction in the main urban area of Fuzhou and optimization strategies.The study provides an aid for decision making in the construction of ecological corridors in the main urban area of Fuzhou in the context of high-quality development.The main research results are as follows:(1)From the perspective of landscape structure and ecological function,the spatial distribution pattern of ecological resources in the main urban area of Fuzhou and its ecological environment quality were quantitatively analyzed by using morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)and remote sensing ecological index(RSEI),and the basic connotation of urban ecological corridor nodes were combined with the patch connectivity index(d PC)to finally determine a total of 44 ecological corridor nodes in the main urban area of Fuzhou.The spatial distribution is mainly concentrated in the major mountains and urban parks and waterfront green areas in the study area.(2)The construction of urban ecological corridor is influenced by various constraints,so this study determines 10 indicators from three aspects:land use type,remote sensing ecological index,MSPA landscape type,green view rate,building density,building height,terrain undulation,slope,distance from highway,distance from railroad as Fuzhou The evaluation index of ecological corridor constraints in the main urban area is determined by using the sequential relationship analysis method and the principal component analysis method to determine the comprehensive weights of each index and construct a comprehensive evaluation model of ecological corridor constraints:ecological corridor comprehensive constraints results=land use type×0.3405+RSEI remote sensing ecological index×0.1589+MSPA landscape type×0.1333+green view rate×0.0884+Building density×0.0819+building height×0.0698+topographic undulation×0.0408+slope×0.0365+distance from highway×0.028+distance from railway×0.0219.The results of the spatial clustering distribution model point out that the hot spot areas of the integrated results of constraints are mainly concentrated in the area east of Gao Gai Mountain and Jinan River,and the cold spot areas are mainly distributed in the study area The hot spots are mainly in the area east of Gao Gai Mountain and Jin’an River,and the cold spots are mainly in the mountain and urban park green areas with good ecological environment,while the integrated results of constraints within the main urban area show a random distribution feature.(3)A total of 92 ecological corridors were extracted,with an average length of 1990.11 m.The spatial distribution was mainly concentrated in the central and western areas of the main city of Fuzhou,and the corridors were shorter in length,with the shortest corridor located between nodes 1and 2,with a length of 84.85 m.The corridors in the eastern and southern areas were fewer and longer in length,with the longest corridor located between nodes 22 and 29,with a length of 7887.19 m.According to their importance,the ecological nodes and corridors were classified into three grades using the natural interruption point method,with 14,19 and 11ecological nodes of grades 1 to 3,respectively;and 14,21 and 57ecological corridors of grades 1 to 3,respectively.The spatial distribution is mainly based on the boundary of the third ring in the main city of Fuzhou,and the nodes and corridors outside the third ring are of higher grade,while those inside the third ring are of lower grade.(4)The construction of urban ecological corridors cannot be achieved without the suitability of real land.The study extracted 46.93 km~2 of suitable land space and 22.52 km~2 of obstructed land space from two perspectives:the spatial zoning of real land for corridor construction and the spatial zoning of obstructed land for corridor construction.The percentages of suitable space and obstructed space were 5.45%,34.22%,60.35%,and 15.80%,32.95%,51.24%,respectively.At the theoretical level,the optimization measures were proposed for the land use and landscape type within the suitable space and the obstructed space under each level,and the rationality and feasibility of the optimization scheme were confirmed by simulating the migration path and dispersion of biological flow.The results show that the optimization is effective,and the connectivity of corridors under each level is improved,among which the connectivity of corridors from one to three levels is improved by 8.02,13.63 and 38.49,and the improvement of corridors in three levels is the greatest.(5)Based on the results of the ecological corridor classification optimization,the corridors with the greatest improvement in the optimization results under each level are the primary corridor between nodes 15 and 32(1.34 improvement),the secondary corridor between nodes 32 and 36(2.37 improvement),and the tertiary corridor between nodes 36 and 38(1.90 improvement),which are used as examples of ecological corridor planning and design in the main urban area of Fuzhou.The primary corridor between nodes 15 and 32 requires the demolition of buildings and is designed as a flyover ecological corridor;the secondary corridor between nodes 32 and 36 is mainly attached to the ribbon green space along the Baima River and is designed to enhance vegetation cover and create an aquatic plant landscape;the northern part of the corridor between nodes 36 and 38 is mainly attached to the existing ribbon waterfront green space and the middle part adopts a sunken corridor The southern part of the corridor is designed to reduce the negative impact of the intersection by increasing the existing street greenery and adding roof gardens and vertical greenery to reduce the interference of the construction site.