Research On Active Early Warning Mechanism For Preventing Ship Collision Of Hong Kong Zhuhai Macao Bridge

With the rapid development of national economy,all kinds of infrastructure construction are flourishing in our country.There are more and more various sea Bridges,which provide convenience for the perfect layout of the transportation network and vehicle passage.But for water traffic,large Bridges are negative facilities that affect or even hinder the passage of ships.The Pearl River Estuary,which is crossed by the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge,is the only way for ships to enter and leave Guangzhou Port and Shenzhen Port.It is also one of the waters with the busiest sea transportation and the highest route density in China.At the same time,with the continuous development of shipping industry,the number of navigable ships surges and shows a trend of large-scale.Due to factors such as bad weather,unreasonable design of bridge navigation,and operational errors of ship operators,collision probability between ships and transoverchannel Bridges inevitably increases,which leads to increasingly prominent ship-bridge collision problems,which may lead to bridge damage and collapse,channel obstruction,loss of life and property and other serious consequences.Therefore,it is an urgent problem to ensure the safe passage of ships and reduce the risk of collision between ships and Bridges.Passive anti-collision facilities protect the bridge structure to a certain extent,but can’t reduce the probability of ship collision accident.At the same time,the high construction cost of passive anti-collision device will also affect the passage condition of the waterway.Therefore,the research content of this thesis is the active anti-ship collision warning of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge,which mainly includes the following contents:One is to analyze the risk degree of ship collision on bridge.Based on the analysis of the bridge layout and navigation environment parameters of the Hong Kong-ZhuhaiMacao Bridge,the ship collision risk of the main navigable passage bridge and the nonnavigable section was evaluated and calculated by probability analysis method,and the area along the bridge was divided into three levels of danger area.The second is to carry on the dangerous zoning to the bridge area.Based on the comprehensive analysis of ship related parameters,the ship drift motion model was used to calculate the full rudder turning braking distance of different ships,and combined with the relationship between the distance between the ship sailing anomaly point and the bridge and the collision risk,the safety warning distance of different ships and Bridges without collision was determined,and the three-level danger distance was divided into the bridge area.Third,the classification of danger to the ship.According to the navigable parameters of the bridge and channel and the typical speed of the ship,the collision speed of the ship with different tonnage and pier position is calculated by using the standard method.Based on the elastic yield resistance and ultimate yield resistance of bridge,the damage degree of ship collision bridge is determined by comparing the ship collision force and bridge resistance,and the ship risk is divided into three levels.Fourthly,according to the specific position and impact force of the ship,combined with the level-three danger area along the bridge,level-three danger distance across the bridge and the ship’s danger level,the possibility and risk of ship collision with the bridge were assessed,and the risk warning matrix was established.Different ways of warning were adopted for ships with different degrees of danger to maintain navigation safety.Five is the overall design of the active early warning system.The function requirement,performance index,equipment selection and technology realization of the early warning system are analyzed and designed.In this thesis,through quantitative and qualitative calculation and analysis of ship collision risk and ship risk in bridge area,the early warning evaluation criteria are determined,the early warning matrix is established,and different warning methods are preset to realize dynamic early warning for different bridge area locations and different ships.Therefore,it has done the basic work for the realization and perfection of the bridge anti-ship collision active warning system in the future.