Research On Garlic Quality Based Among Different Varieties、Rotation Patterns And Storage Methods

Garlic is a kind of plant used as medicine and food which is rich in nutritional function and can be consumed on a daily basis.China is rich in garlic germplasm resources.However,there are some problems,such as lack of dedicated varieties,unregulated production and management.At the same time,there is also a lack of research on the quality differences of garlic in different rotation garlic and the changes of garlic quality in the process of inner bud growth.Metabonomics can clarify the response of biological tissue in a variety of environments by detecting differences in metabolites.Therefore,based on non-targeted metabonomics,this paper investigates the differences of quality characteristics of garlic from different varieties and different rotation patterns,as well as the dynamic changes of metabolites and quality changes of garlic during the growth and development of inner buds,so as to provide technical support for garlic germplasm research,processing and preservation.The main contents and results are as follows:The composition and content of metabolites and volatiles in 61 varieties of garlic bulbs were studied.The results showed that garlic was rich in functional components,especially amino acids and sulfur compounds.There were significant differences in the species and abundance of small molecule metabolites among different varieties.G35 had the highest alliin content and G4 had the highest total sulfur content.Compared with tai garlic,the abundance of amino acids,sugars,lipids and organic acids in tou garlic is higher,the content of histidine,tryptophan,glutamate and amino acids containing the "γ-glutamine" group was significantly higher.Compared with tai garlic,the abundance of flavonoids in tai garlic is higher.The metabolic pathway for the enrichment of differential metabolites in garlic is concentrated in the metabolism of amino acids,lipids and sugars,which may be related to the synthesis of primary metabolites.In terms of purple garlic and white garlic,the difference was not significant,but the abundance of flavonoids in purple garlic was significantly higher than that in white garlic.The differences of garlic bulbs and the effects of soil under different rotation patterns on garlic bulbs were studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in quality indexes and small molecular metabolites of garlic bulbs under different rotation patterns.Among them,the contents of vitamin C,total protein and moisture of soybean rotation garlic were significantly higher than those of the other two kinds of rotation garlics.The contents of alliin,total sulfur,amino acids,organic acids and flavonoids in corn rotation garlic were significantly higher than those of the other two kinds of rotation garlic,and the contents of soluble sugars and lipids in rice rotation garlic were significantly higher than those of the other two kinds of rotation garlic.This may be related to the different composition of microbial communities in different rotation garlic soils.However,after garlic planting,the soil microbial composition of the three kinds of garlic in rotation tended to be the same.Correlation analysis showed that Bacillus,Paenibacillus,Sphingobium and Ensifer were significantly negatively correlated with most lipids,while Kosakonia was positively correlated with amino acids containing "γglutamine" group.The differences of small molecular metabolites and quality of garlic bulbs with different budding degrees were studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in quality indexes and small molecular metabolites of garlic with different budding degrees,in which the contents of alliin,total sulfur,vitamin C and total antioxidant capacity increased with the growth of inner buds.The content of soluble sugar decreased with the growth of inner buds.Based on metabonomic analysis,there were 157 up-regulated metabolites,including organic acid,lipids,nucleosides,alkaloid and flavonoids,and 54 down-regulated metabolites,including most sugars,during the growth and development of garlic buds.In addition,the accumulation of metabolites in different parts of bulbs was different during the germination of garlic buds.The inner buds are mainly enriched in sugars,lipids and nucleosides,while the cloves(without inner buds)are less enriched in sugars.