Study On Quality Analysis,Processing Optimization Of Camellia Oil And Its Effect Of Alleviating Intestinal Inflammation

Camellia oleifera is a unique woody oil tree species in China,and the oil obtained by pressing its seeds contains the high content of unsaturated fatty acids and all kind of active components.Due to the varying growth environment,there is the quality difference for these camellia oil from different regions,which need to be evaluated based on the comprehensive analysis of origin.Pressing technology is the main preparing method of camellia oil,in which seed husks would be blended with seed kernel to increase the production efficiency.Other fibre replacing seed husks could improve the quality of camellia oil.In addition,camellia oil has the anti-inflammatory effect,but there is the less study information about its mechanism.In this study,the relation would be evaluated about the oil quality and Camellia oleifera growth region,the new cold pressing process would be developed by exogenous fibre addition,and the effect and mechanism of camellia oil alleviating intestinal inflammation would be explored.(1)To evaluate the quality difference,the characteristic indexes were detected and analyzed for camellia oil from different producing areas in China.30 oil samples was prepared from camellia seeds collected from different regions by cold pressing method and preliminary refining treatment.The contents of characteristic indexes,including tocopherol,squalene,polyphenol,sterol,fatty acid,were respectively examined in these camellia oil,and the grey correlation analysis was used to evaluate the quality difference based on the above results.The comprehensive correlation degree of characteristic indexes in camellia oil samples reached more than 0.85 from five regions,and those of other oil samples were less than 0.85～0.75.According to the results,camellia oil from Huangshan in Anhui,Chengmai in Hainan,Macheng in Hubei,Leshan in Sichuan and Dehong in Yunnan have the leading quality.(2)To explore the new oil production technology,different exogenous fibers were added into seed kernel to substitute for the seed husks to produce the oil of higher content of active substances.The results showed that camellia oil prepared by cold pressing with 25% rice husk had more higher content of α-tocopherol,squalene,polyphenol and sterol compared to 25% seed shell group.The addition of 15%～25%rice husk had no significant effect on the content of active substances in camellia oil,but the acid and peroxide value would increase in the crude oil.The analysis of cold pressed crude oil prepared with the addition of degreasing and non-degreasing rice husk showed that the squalene was the unique active component of significant difference(p<0.05),except for the obvious difference in acid value and peroxide value.(3)Using female Drosophila melanogaster as an experimental model,the protective effect of camellia oils on the intestine was evaluated against sodium dodecyl sulfateinduced inflammation.The results showed that 2% oil supplementation could significantly lengthen the lifespan of female flies with intestinal inflammation(p<0.05),which was associated with the reduction of both reactive oxygen species and the peroxidation product malondialdehyde resulting in improvements in the integrity and viability of epithelial cells.Furthermore,16 S r DNA high-throughput sequencing showed that the addition of oil into diets contributed to maintain the homeostasis in the intestinal microflora with a normal firmicutes/bacteroidetes ratio from 5.06 to8.69(p<0.01)in the tested animal model.In addition,camellia oil significantly decreased the expression of m TOR and increased the expression of 4E-BP,Atg1 and Atg8 a.Camellia oil may improve intestinal inflammation by regulating microbiota and activating autophagy related gene expression in female fruit flies.In short,the different producing areas and processing technologies have a great impact on the quality of camellia oil,especially for the content of active components,and camellia oil can significantly alleviate the intestinal inflammatory injuries of Drosophila,and the regulation of microflora and autophagy pathway may be the main reason for its functional role.