Numerical Simulation Of Flow Field And System Matching Optimization Of Snow Maker Core Components

The snowmaker is a device that ensures the normal operation of a ski resort,and its snowmaking performance determines the successfully hosted of skiing activities.With the proposal of the national health campaign goal of " 300 million people in winter sports ",developing snow making machines with better snow making performance has become an urgent demand for the domestic ice and snow industry.However,the core components of domestic snowmakers have problems with low nucleation efficiency and poor snow quality.This article takes a common snowmaker as the research object,analyzes the nucleation mechanism of the nucleator nozzle and the atomization mechanism of the swirl nozzle in the core components,as well as structural optimization.Based on this,the matching parameters of the two are optimized.The nucleation performance of a nucleator nozzle determines the maximum snow production capacity of a snowmaker.The low nucleation rate of nucleator nozzles in domestic snow making machines leads to a smaller snow production quantity for the entire machine.In this paper,the simulation and experimental analysis of the performance characteristics such as gas-liquid distribution,outlet velocity and temperature distribution of the nucleator nozzle under different working conditions are carried out.The results show that the average temperature of the jet of the nucleator nozzle is higher,and the cooling rate is slower,which leads to poor nucleation performance in the snowmaking process.In addition,jet velocity is an important factor affecting the cooling process,the higher the outlet velocity,the lower the jet temperature,and the higher the nucleation performance of the nucleator nozzle.Based on this,structural optimization was carried out on original nucleator nozzles,and the results showed that under appropriate gas inlet angles,the outlet velocity could be improved to a certain extent,but the improvement was limited.In order to further improve the outlet speed of the nucleator nozzle,a new type of laval nucleator nozzle was designed based on the mechanism of transonic gas flow in the laval nozzle,which breaks through the structural limitations of original nucleator nozzles where gas velocity cannot cross the local sound speed.The outlet speed can be increased by 92%,and the average temperature of the jet can be reduced by up to 70%,greatly improving the nucleation performance.The atomization characteristics of the swirl nozzle are important factors affecting the uniformity of snow production and snow production density.Through the simulation analysis of the gas-liquid distribution,outlet velocity and outlet droplet size distribution of the swirl nozzle,it is found that the number of droplets in the outlet spray area within the appropriate range of snow making is relatively small,and the droplet size at different positions is different greatly,which affects the uniformity of snow making density.The outlet diameter of the swirl nozzle is an important factor affecting the atomization characteristics.Under a suitable outlet diameter,the flow rate can be improved while also obtaining an ideal droplet size distribution.Based on this,this article optimizes the outlet diameter of the swirl nozzle in the snow making machine,and analyzes the snow making density through snow making experiments.The results show that the improved swirl nozzle can increase the snow making density uniformity by a maximum of 40% and the snow making amount by a maximum of 43% under the same number of nozzles.The atomization system of the snowmaker is formed by the mutual matching of the nucleator nozzle and the swirl nozzle.The matching quantity of the two will affect the droplet size in the atomization area of the snowmaker,thereby affecting the snowmaking density.Through experimental and simulation analysis of different matching numbers of nucleons and swirl nozzles,the results show that the snow making density increases with the increase of droplet size.Based on this,the matching quantity between the two has been optimized,and the proportion of droplets suitable for snowmaking can be increased by up to 30%,expanding the applicability of snowmakers and meeting the requirements of initial,medium,high,and race grade ski slopes in ski resorts.