The Design And Experiment Of Shelling Machine For Camellia Fresh Fruit

As an important link in the production process of camellia oleifera seed oil,the quality of camellia oleifera fruit shelling directly affects the quality of camellia oleifera seed oil.In order to promote the development of China’s camellia oleifera industry,this article analyzes the current research progress in the technology of shelling camellia oleifera fresh fruits.From the perspective of material characteristics,it explores the fundamental reasons for the phenomenon of broken seeds and incomplete shelling during the shelling process.In response to the problems existing in the shelling equipment,a scalable camellia oleifera fresh fruit dehulling machine using a combined effect of squeezing and rubbing has been developed,In order to provide new technical support for the research and development of camellia oleifera fruit shelling equipment in China.A series of related research work has been carried out around this topic,among which the main research work and results obtained are as follows:(1)The study on material characteristics and basic parameters of Camellia oleifera fruit.Through corresponding parameter measurement experiments,the overall dimension and various physical parameters of Camellia oleifera fruit were measured.The final results were as follows.First,in terms of overall dimensions,the sphericity of Camellia oleifera fruit was mostly close to 1.0,and its diameter was in normal distribution within the range of 19.3 to42.8mm,while the size of its seed was mostly below 30 mm.Secondly,in terms of mechanical properties,The average crushing force of Camellia oleifera seeds is smaller than that of Camellia oleifera fruits through mechanical experiments.Finally,in terms of discrete element simulation parameter calibration,calibrate the physical parameters of Camellia oleifera fruit using the actual stacking angle as the response value,and the final parameters were as follows:the density of Camellia oleifera fruit was 0.943g/cm~3,the water content was 58.19%,the elastic modulus was 167.75MPa,and the Poisson’s ratio was 0.125 The collision recovery coefficients between camellia oleifera fruit and Q235 and between camellia oleifera fruit and camellia oleifera fruit were 0.42 and 0.64.The static friction coefficients between camellia oleifera fruit and Q235 and between camellia oleifera fruit and camellia oleifera fruit were0.726 and 0.732.The rolling friction coefficients between camellia oleifera fruit and Q235 and between camellia oleifera fruit and camellia oleifera fruit were 0.201 and 0.110.(2)The overall scheme design and key components design of the camellia oleifera fruit sheller.Through comparison,it was found that the crushing force of camellia oleifera seeds is between the surface crack propagation force and the crushing force of camellia oleifera fruit,Therefore,a scheme using the combined action of squeezing and tapping was proposed to avoid the occurrence of broken seeds.And the big and small fruits are separated during the shelling process,with respective minimum peeling gaps set for the large and small fruits,further reduce the generation of broken seeds.In addition,in order to improve the working performance of the machine and shorten the pre-treatment process route,the type selection of separation shell and seed was conducted.After actual investigation and scheme comparison,the roller gap sorting method was finally selected.(3)Discrete element simulation analysis and key parameter optimization of the shelling device.In order to analysis the actual movement and force conditions of camellia oleifera during the peeling process,and to make up for the shortcomings of theoretical analysis,a simulation analysis was conducted.First of all,using the discharge time and the force exerted on the camellia oleifera fruit as evaluation indicators,a single-factor test was conducted on the pitch,the angle between the clappers,and the rotational speed.Finally,the optimal parameter range of the pitch was 160 to 200 mm;The optimal range of the angle of clappers was 90°to 180°,and the optimal range of the rotational speed was 120 to 160 r/min.Based on this,subsequent orthogonal tests were conducted.Through orthogonal experiments,it was finally obtained that the working performance of the peeling device realized the optimal performance when the screw pitch was 180 mm,the included angle of the clappers was 120°,and the rotational speed was 120 r/min.At this time,the discharge time was relatively short,and the force of the camellia oleifera fruit was just between the breaking force of the camellia oleifera seed and the camellia oleifera fruit.(4)Prototype performance testing and working parameter optimization.In order to further optimize the operating parameters of the prototype,a performance test was conducted on the prototype.During the test,the feeding speed and input speed were first selected as the test influencing factors,and the single-factor test was conducted using the shelling rate and broken seed rate as the test evaluation indicators.It was obtained that when the feeding speed was 0.4 to 0.6 kg/s,and the input speed was 60 to 140 r/min,the shelling performance of the prototype reached the optimal level.Then,a response surface experiment was conducted under the selected optimal feeding speed and input speed.Establish a multiple regression fitting equation for the shelling rate and broken seed rate,and then refer to the design requirements of this study to optimize the response of the model,The optimal solutions for the input speed and feeding speed were 75.47 r/min and 0.417 kg/s,respectively.At this time,the shelling rate was 97.3%and the broken seed rate was 2.3%,The treatment efficiency under this condition is 1.5t/h,which can meet the design requirements.