Optimization And Experimental Research On Straightening And Grinding Process Of Linear Guides

As the core guiding and supporting member of the machine tool,the rolling linear guideway has a significant impact on the movement accuracy of the machine tool and the quality of the processed products.In the production process of linear guides,straightening and grinding are two key processing processes,and the deformation of the workpiece during straightening and grinding has a superimposed effect,which in turn affects the geometric error of the guide rail surface,reducing the machining accuracy and Productivity.However,there are two problems in the current research on the processing technology of linear guides: one is that the existing geometric error model of the surface of linear guides only considers the straightness error,ignoring other geometric errors;the other is the existing processing technology Only straightening or grinding is considered,and the superimposed effects of these two processes are not considered comprehensively.Therefore,this paper takes the surface of the linear guide as the research object,and establishes a comprehensive mathematical model of the geometric error of the surface of the linear guide for the macro,meso and micro geometric errors of the linear guide.On the basis of the mathematical model,a decomposition algorithm of the geometrical error of the surface of the linear guideway is proposed.Finally,an optimization model of the straightening and grinding process parameters is established on the basis of considering the influence of straightening and grinding on the geometrical error of the surface of the linear guideway.The specific research contents are as follows:(1)Discrete modeling of the surface of the linear guide,and analyze the geometric error of the surface of the linear guide.According to the geometric error characteristics of the linear guide surface,a comprehensive mathematical model of the geometric error of the linear guide surface is established,and the geometric error decomposition algorithm of the linear guide surface is proposed based on the least square method,which lays the foundation for the formulation of the subsequent straightening and grinding processes..(2)Aiming at the macro geometry error of the linear guide,based on geometry and elastic-plastic mechanics,establish the relationship between the straightening stroke and the initial deflection of the linear guide,and establish the surface geometry error model of the straightening process of the linear guide,and use the straightening experiment to carry out verify.(3)Aiming at the meso-geometric error and micro-geometric error of the linear guide,based on the forming mechanism of surface grinding,the grinding wheel topography model and the grinding wheel and workpiece motion model are established,and then the geometric shape of the grinding process surface of the linear guide is obtained.The error model is analyzed and verified by grinding experiments.(4)Considering the influence of straightening and grinding processes on the geometric error of the linear guide surface,an optimization model of straightening and grinding process parameters is established,and then the dragonfly algorithm is used to solve the model and optimize the process parameters,and finally it is verified by experiments.The results show that when the straightening stroke is2.657 mm and the grinding depth is 20μm,the corresponding straightness error and roughness error take the minimum value.The prediction errors of straightness error and roughness error are 12.0% and 6.7%,respectively,so the process optimization model established in this paper can improve machining accuracy and machining efficiency.