Study On The Valuation Of Urban Wetland Ecosystem Services

Urban wetlands are important areas and corridors in the urban ecological landscape,and their proximity to the residential population makes their service function more socially valuable.In China,many urban wetlands have been turned into wetland parks after detailed planning and opened to the public.The degradation of ecological functions caused by over-exploitation has limited the ecological health and sustainable development of wetland parks.Therefore,carrying out an assessment of the value of wetland ecosystem services and a scientific evaluation of the way they are managed and used is a matter of sustainable development of urban wetland parks and should be a priority to address.In the report of the 20 th Party Congress,it was pointed out that the concept of "green water and green hills are golden mountains" must be firmly established if we are to seek development from the perspective of the harmonious coexistence of man and nature and accelerate the pace of modernisation of the Chinese style.In order to thoroughly implement the important speech made by General Secretary Xi Jinping during his visit to Zhejiang and Hangzhou,the Hangzhou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have launched the "Double Stream" integrated management and protection measures to lift the phenomenon of wetland fragmentation,which has put forward higher requirements for the enhancement of the original ecological protection of the Xixi Wetland.In this thesis,the Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou is used as a research object to assess and estimate its ecosystem service value,with the base date set at 31 December 2021.The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment(MA)was used to determine the value of four service types: provisioning,regulating,cultural and support services:material production,water purification,flood regulation and storage,mitigation of urban heat island effect,gas regulation,maintenance of biodiversity,tourism and recreation,education and research,and non-use value functions(heritage,selection The nine service function indicators(heritage,selection,existence value)are defined.Each indicator corresponds to the type of value it belongs to: the value provided by the biodiversity maintenance function is indirect use value,the heritage,selection and existence values are non-use values,and the remaining seven service function indicators provide direct use value,thus constructing a value assessment system for the Xixi wetland ecosystem.For the different service function indicators,a total of 10 assessment methods were used in this thesis to evaluate their values,including the market value method,restoration cost method,shadow engineering method,equivalent substitution method,carbon tax method and afforestation method,travel cost method,condition value method,result reference method and ecological effect index method,to summarise the ecosystem service values of Xixi National Wetland Park.In order to justify the assessment results,the 9 service function indicators were divided into two batches for comparative analysis: for the tourism and recreation value and the selection,existence and heritage value,which were calculated based on the assessment of questionnaire data,the assessment results of these 2 service functions were compared horizontally with the assessment studies of other wetland resources to analyse the reasons for the differences and justify the assessment results of the indicators;the remaining 7 service indicators(The remaining seven service indicators(material production,water purification,flood control and storage,gas regulation,mitigation of urban heat island effect,education and scientific research,and biodiversity)are calculated again using the equivalent factor method,and the assessment results are compared and analysed with those calculated according to the MA value assessment system and ranked in order to provide advice on the ecological protection and management and utilisation mode of the Xixi Wetland.The next point is to point out the shortcomings of this thesis and hope that future research can improve it,so that the valuation of ecosystem services can become an effective tool in the sustainable development of ecological-social-economic ecosystems,and truly achieve green water and green mountains.This thesis has 109 references,30 figures and 41 tables.