Active Surveillance Results And Drug Resistance Analysis Of Foodborne Salmonella Infection In Changchun From 2018-2021

Objective:To analyze the infection distribution characteristics and drug resistance of Salmonella foodborne in Changchun City,to understand the epidemic trend of foodborne diseases,to grasp the level of drug-resistant level of Salmonella foodborne diseases,and to provide a reference for the scientific prevention and control of foodborne diseases and the rational clinical use of antibiotics in Changchun.Methods:The epidemiological characteristics of cases were descriptively analyzed by exporting the information of cases that met the definition of foodborne diseases and had collected fecal or swab specimens for salmonella detection from sentinel hospitals in Changchun from 2018 to 2021 to the National Foodborne Disease Surveillance and Reporting System.The Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method were used to compare the rates,and multivariate Ogistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of Salmonella detection rate,so as to grasp the incidence and epidemic trend of foodborne Salmonella.The test levelα=0.05.Serotyping and drug susceptibility tests were performed on Salmonella isolated from fecal/swab samples,and the antibiotics used were Amikacin(AMI),Ampicillin(AMP),Ampicillin-Sulbactam(AMS),Azithromycin(AZI),Ceftazidime(CAZ),Chloramphenicol(CHL),Ciprofloxacin(CIP),Cefotaxime(CTX),Meropenem(MEM),Nalidixic acid(NAL),Streptomycin(STR),Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole(SXT)and Tetracycline(TET),a total of 13 species.The quality control strain was ATCC25922 Escherichia coli.Results:1.From 2018 to 2021,3411 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in Changchun Sentinel Hospital,and the number of reported cases in 2019 was the largest,accounting for 26.91%.The cases were concentrated in the second quarter and the third quarter,accounting for 33.86%and 38.61%respectively.2.The male-to-female ratio is 1.351:1,and the<5-year-old age group has the largest number of reported cases,accounting for 49.72%.The distribution of occupations was dominated by scattered children,accounting for 48.75%.3.3411 cases were distributed in 11 counties(cities and districts)of Changchun City,with Yushu City accounting for the most,accounting for 23.16%.It was followed by Chaoyang District,accounting for 17.12%.4.Among the 3411 cases,99.30%had digestive symptoms,of which diarrhea accounted for 85.28%.5.Suspected exposed foods were mostly mixed foods,fruits and their products,and grains and their products,accounting for 22.52%,19.79%and 13.16%respectively.The processing and packaging methods of food are mainly homemade,accounting for 68.04%.The eating places are mainly farmers’market,accounting for 41.51%.6.The 87 strains of Salmonella were divided into 14 serotypes,mainly Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium,with 35 strains each.7.Different years(c2=15.929,P=0.001),quarter(X~2=21.849,P<0.001),region(X~2=34.972,P<0.001),suspected exposed food(X~2=23.626,P=0.047),processing and packaging methods(X~2=13.050,P=0.008)There were statistically significant differences in the detection of foodborne Salmonella.The results of multivariate logistics analysis showed that quarter and region were the factors affecting the detection of Salmonella.8.The total resistance rate of 87 strains of Salmonella was 90.80%,and the multidrug resistance rate was 77.01%.The resistance rates to 13 antibiotics were,in descending order:Ampicillin(75.86%),Streptomycin(68.97%),Tetracycline(58.62%),Nalidixic acid(41.38%),Ampicillin-Sulbactam(39.08%),Chloramphenicol(28.74%),Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole(19.54%),Azithromycin(19.54%),Cefotaxime(13.79%),Ceftazidime(13.79%),Ciprofloxacin(13.79%),Meropenem(12.64%),Amikacin(0.00%).Conclusion:1.The foodborne diseases reported by Changchun Sentinel Hospital from2018 to 2021 were obviously seasonal.Children aged 0 to 4 years are more likely to develop the disease than other age groups.2.From 2018 to 2021,the number of foodborne disease cases reported by Changchun Sentinel Hospital was the highest in Yushu City,followed by Chaoyang District.The suspected exposed food is mainly mixed food,fruit and its products and food and its products,and the family is the high incidence of foodborne diseases in Changchun.3.The predominant serotypes of foodborne Salmonella in Changchun from 2018 to2021 were Salmonella enterica and Salmonella typhimurium.4.The detection rate of foodborne Salmonella in Changchun from 2018 to 2021 was related to seasonal and regional distribution.5.The resistance rate of foodborne Salmonella in Changchun is high,and the problem of multiple drug resistance is serious,so choosing drugs should be cautious in clinical and livestock industries.