Photo/Electro Thermal Super-Infiltration Materials And Its Anti-icing And De-icing Sroperties Study

The accumulation of ice in the humid and cold environment has brought many problems to industrial production and daily life.How to prevent icing or remove ice rapidly has attracted extensive attention of researchers in recent years.Superhydrophobic materials inspired by the lotus leaf have an obvious delayed icing effect due to its special wetting properties.However,the superhydrophobic state is a metastable state.Once the superhydrophobic surface was frozen,which will lead to a great icing strength.During using mechanical deicing,the superhydrophobic coating is easily damaged.The destruction of surface microstructure makes the coating lose the superhydrophobic effect.Therefore,a"no-wound"method is required for superhydrophobic anti-icing surfaces deicing.Using external energy such as light and electricity to generate heat on the surface of the material,it is a feasible solution to de-icing.In this paper,we carried out research work on superhydrophobic photothermal macroporous thermal insulation xerogel,superhydrophobic photothermal modified sponge,and a hydrophobic electrothermal coating for in-situ monitoring of freezing-deicing process by triboelectric signals,respectively.The long-term anti-icing and rapid de-icing of the material surface are carried out by visible light heat and electrothermal effects.The specific researchs are as follows:（1）Superhydrophobic photothermal macroporous thermal insulation xerogel.Photothermal mocroporous xerogel is free-radically polymerized with polyethylene glycol diacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate at low temperature.Carbon nanotubes were introduced into xerogel systems as photothermal fillers.The xerogel material can achieve superhydrophobicity after simple hydrophobic treatment.The thermal insulation experiment confirmed that the formation of oriented porous network structure by ice template method is beneficial to promote the thermal insulation effect of xerogel,and it is helpful for the accumulation of heat on the surface of xerogel.No ice on the surface with low light intensity in ultra-low temperature,it can keep the surface above the freezing point under 0.25 times the light intensity under the environment of-30℃.In addition,the surface of the material also has self-cleaning and photothermal self-healing effects to ensure efficient anti-icing of the material.The outdoor snow melting experiments confirmed its considerable application prospects.（2）Superhydrophobic photothermal modified sponge for anti-icing.This part uses a simpler method to modify the commercial polyurethane sponge into a photothermal superphobic sponge anti-icing material.By utilizing the polydopamine universal adhesion properties to deposit photothermal Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles onto the sponge surface,the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and dopamine modification endow and enhance the ability of the sponge for photothermal effect.In-30°C environment,under 0.2 sun irradiation intensity,the freezing time of water droplets is delayed to120 minutes.Under 1 sun irradiation intensity,the ice droplets on the surface of the sponge melted completely within 10 minutes in-30°C,and the surface temperature reached 51°C.（3）In situ monitoring of icing-deicing hydrophobic electrothermal coating.Due to the uncertainty and instability of sunlight acquisition,photothermal deicing is considered as an auxiliary deicing method in practical applications.So,the electrothermal deicing coating has more application advantages,but no matter what method of deicing is used,an ice coating monitoring device is required to accurately judge the ice coating area and degree of ice coating.Therefore,in the third part of this paper,an integrated electrothermal functional coating for in-situ icing monitoring,anti-icing and deicing is designed.According to the principle of triboelectricity,the triboelectric signal generated by the gas-solid two-phase flow is cleverly used to monitor the shape and thickness of the coating surface.When the coating ice froze to a certain level,the accumulated triboelectric signal on the surface reaches the threshold.When a certain applied voltage is applied to the coating,the electrothermal coating generates heat rapidly to deicing.Under the voltage of 90V,the ice layer with a thickness of about 6mm is melted within16min to achieve rapid deicing.