Preparation And Properties Of Biomimetic Durable Superwetting Separation Materials

With the rapid development of society and economy,the problem of oil and water pollution is increasingly serious,which causes inevitable harm to production and life.In order to solve pollution effectively,the separation of oil and water pollution by using separation materials is one of the effective ways to eliminate the problem.However,the traditional separation materials have some problems in practical application,such as low emulsion separation effect,inability to achieve on-demand separation and non-durability,which need to be solved urgently.This project uses two common separation materials(membrane materials and porous sponge materials)as a starting point,which uses biomimetic design to achieve the materials superwetting properties for solving their problems of low emulsion separation,inability to achieve on-demand separation,and non-durability.The main elements are as follows:(1)Highly efficient emulsion superamphiphilic separation membranes were rapidly prepared by simple electrochemical and dip-coating methods.Through the biomimetic design for the fish scale structure,the modified completed biomimetic membrane obtains the special wettability of superoleophilic-superhydrophilic in air,superoleophobic in water,and superhydrophobic in oil.The preparation process has the advantage of being carried out in a completely pollutionfree liquid environment,and can achieve mild reaction conditions,low energy consumption,high atomic utilization,no secondary pollution,and short preparation time.More importantly,this separation membrane can intelligently and efficiently separate the target emulsion,not just a single oil-water mixture.(2)The superhydrophobic melamine sponge was prepared by using a porous melamine sponge as a three-dimensional structural substrate,followed by a polypyrrole-dopamine micronanostructure,and polydimethylsiloxane as a low surface energy modifier.The polypyrroledopamine coating provides low density and thermal stability;the stable polydimethylsiloxane coating provides good chemical stability and mechanical durability to meet the challenges of various practical environments.As a result,the superhydrophobic melamine sponge has stable and high adsorption to oil and organic solvents,enabling efficient and durable separation of oilin-water emulsions in a variety of environments.(3)By using biomimetic mussel chemistry,polydopamine is used as a "bio-glue" to make polypyrrole and silica adhere to the porous melamine sponge to obtain a rough micronanostructure,and then cetyltrimethoxysilane is used as a low surface energy modifier to give it superhydrophobicity to obtain a porous superhydrophobic composite.The porous superhydrophobic composites have good chemical and mechanical stability and can adapt to the harsh working environment;at the same time,they are flame retardant to ensure their safety.More importantly,this adsorbent material can maintain good emulsion separation ability under various harsh environments(acid,alkali and salt).The adsorption performance can be maintained at a high level even after mechanical damage.